(33 



is even greater. Although, as is the case in the interior, the 

 months of July and August are the driest of the year and about 

 two per cent, of the rainfall of the year occurs in these months, 

 still the western slope of the range is covered by heavy fogs for 

 much of the time during this period. Consequently, vegetation 

 here lacks very little water at any time during the year. 



Along the water-courses everywhere in this region the shrubby 

 vegetation appears pretty much the same. Rubus spectabilis, the 

 salmon-berry, as it is commonly called in the region where it 

 grows, forms dense thickets with Acer circinatum and Sam- 

 bitais raccmosa. In the lower lands the alders are larger but 

 usually do not form the dense thickets which are frequently 

 found at higher altitudes. In the more open bottoms Echino- 

 panax horridum frequently appears though it seems to prefer the 

 bottoms of deep canyons and more abundant shade. The leaves 

 of this Devil's-cane, as it is commonly called, are from a foot to 

 eighteen inches across and spreading out horizontally make a 

 very showy appearance and form a very characteristic part of 

 the vegetation along deeply shaded streams. 



On the lower hills near the coast the forest consists mainly, in 

 some places at least, of Pice a Sitchensis. It is not found in this 

 latitude many miles from the beach and so far as the writer has 

 observed does not attain the splendid proportions which are 

 reached by the Douglas spruce in its favorite habitat. This tree 

 reaches its best development back a mile or two from the beach 

 but is not conspicuous at high altitudes. It holds the outposts 

 of arboreal vegetation on the sand dunes, which it shares with 

 Pimis contorta, but in such places like other trees it is dwarfed 

 and stunted. 



In the Coast Mountains the range of arboreal species is not 

 great. The predominant element of the vegetation is the so- 

 called fir, or Douglas spruce, along with lesser quantities of other 

 trees already mentioned ; the latter, however, rarely if ever occur 

 in sufficient quantity to lend any special character to the land- 

 scape. 



While there is a uniformity in distribution throughout the 

 mountainous regions, of those plants mentioned above as occur- 



