4 

 Timbers can be classified in different ways, e.g., according to — 



(1.) Flssility. — Some are fissile, such as stringybarks {E. eugenioides), &c.. 

 Mountain asli {E. Sieheriana), Victorian blackbutt {E. regnans), &c. 

 Others are short in the grain, such as many gums, snapping off like a 

 carrot ; while others are tough and interlocked, like boxes and ironbarks. 



(2.) Colour. — In a lecture delivered in 1891 before the Sydney Architectural 

 Association of New South Wales, I divided many of the Eucalyptus 

 timbers into pale hardwoods, subdividing them into three gi-oujDS — - 

 (a) Hard, interlocked ; (i) Eissile ; (c) Inferior, such as Gums ; which is 

 a useful practical classification. In my "Notes on the Commercial 

 Timbers of New South Wales," (1895), I submitted the classification — 

 1. Ironbarks. 2. Pale hardwoods. 3. E-ed hardwoods. 



1. Gums. — These timbers are short in the grain ; dry to a brown or reddish 

 colour ; crack radially in drying ; have many gum- veins ; and, as a rule, lack 

 durability. Their barks are smooth, and more or less ribbony. Examples — 

 stellulata, coriacea, htemastomci, viminalis, Gimnii. They connect with the 

 "Boxes" (Bastard), and also with the smooth-barked members of the Jarrah group. 



2. Malices. — Examples — oleosa, Behriaita, incrassata. This is a group 

 based on geographical considerations. They are arid country species, and connect 

 the " Gums " and " Red Boxes." 



3. Ironbarks. — These are fully described in my " Notes on the Commercial 

 Timbers of New South Wales." They consist of — 



(a) True Ironbarks, Yh., paniculata, siderophloia, crebra, sideroxylon. 



[h) Bastard Ironbarks. — Timbers very similar to ironbarks, but the barks 

 belonging to the " Box " group. They include Boormani and affinis. 

 3Ielanophloia, and, perhaps, microtheca connect the two groups. 



4. Boxes. — These are tough, interlocked timbers, usually with fibrous bai'k 

 on the trunk, and may be subdivided into — 



(«) Bale. — Examjiles — hemipJiloia, melliodora, Bosistoana, Baueriana, j^opiili- 

 folia, qiiadrangulata, Cambagel, goniocali/x, tesselaris, leucoxylon, cory- 

 nocalyx, globulus. 



(b) Bed. — Examples — blcolor, microtheca, polyanthema, odorata, fasciculosa. 



These two groups include some smooth barks or " Gums," but their timbers 

 are provisionally classified with the " Boxes." 



(c) Bastard. — Examples — Stuartiana, pulvenilenta, Macarthuri, aggregala. 

 The timber of (c) is inferior, and closely resembles that of the " Gums." 



