nesla-iron soil, formed in place, and it supports a characteristic 

 native flora which has been so frequently mentioned and discussed 

 that only incidentalreference to it here is necessary. Among its 

 most conspicuous elements are Cerastium veliUinum Raf., Silene 

 Caroliniana Walt., Viorna ochroleuca (Ait.) Small, Arahis lyrata 

 L., Pruniis Americana Marsh., Viola pedata L., Asclepias 

 verticillata L., A cerates viridiflora (Raf.) Eaton, Hon stoni a coenilea 

 L., and lonactis linariifolius (L.) Greene. 



Among the introduced trees and shrubs that have become 

 permanently established in the area, but which are rare or wanting 

 elsewhere on Staten Island, may be mentioned Salix fragilis 

 latifolia Anders., Alniis Alnus (L.) Britton, Philadelphus coron- 

 ariiis L., Opidaster opulif alius (L.) Kuntze, Primus Mahaleb L., 

 Cytisus triflorus L'Her., and Ptelea trifoliata L. These doubtless 

 originated from garden waste, but the first two and the one last 

 mentioned have spread quite extensively by seed. About fi\'c 

 or six years ago Hypochaeris radicata L. first made its appear- 

 ance on the golf links and since then has become a troublesome 

 weed. Solatium Carolinense L. has also appeared recently, as- 

 sociated with the species last mentioned; but both species are 

 rare elsewhere on the island. Ilelianthus mollis Lam., a species 

 new to the Staten Island flora, was found for the first time this 

 year, represented by a few thrifty specimens on Todt Hill. 

 This is a species introduced from the West, previously record- 

 ed from four more or less widely scattered localities within the 

 local flora range — at Tinicum, Delaware Co., Pa., Pestletown, 

 N. J., and Garden City and Manhassett Neck, Long Island. 



The area at Arlington covers about half a square mile of 

 territory. Its foundation, at tide level, is natural salt meadow, 

 on which hasbcen Iniilt up a superstructure, to an average height 

 of al)out fifteen feet, composed of waste material of all kinds, 

 including garbage, street sweepings, ballast from \ess(.'ls, mud 

 and silt dredged from the adjacent water-ways, refuse from 

 freight and cattle trains, etc., and a surface of ashes and cinders 

 from the railroad and nearby factories. 



My first visit to this area was made in 1908, when the following 

 introduced species, new to the flora of Staten Island, were 

 collected: Holcus halepensis L., Capriola Dactylon (L.) Kuntze, 

 Eragrostis major Host., Cyperus compressus L., Cyperus rotiindus 

 L., Chenopodiiim anlhi'lni'nUicuni L., Salsola pestiger A. Nelson, 



