62 



But these were among the few survivors of an earlier abundance. 

 With every decade the places where they might be found became 

 more remote. In 1841, the pink Pogonia flourished in Astoria; 

 now one must go well toward Montauk to find it; or its kindred, 

 Calopogon and Arethusa. And some of their homes are now in 

 peril. The showy orchis was growing on Staten Island in 1907. 

 Some less conspicuous species probably persisted longer in 

 Kings and Bronx Counties; even yet two are known to be grow- 

 ing in the Bronx; but their days are numbered. 



So it has come about that the orchid-lover, now-a-days, must 

 fare farther if he would discover new localities where his friends 

 live or visit some well-known haunts. During the last five years 

 the writer has made occasional trips to the northern townships 

 of Passaic County, New Jersey, and the adjacent parts of War- 

 wick, Orange County, New York. Some of his discoveries and 

 reflections are here recorded. 



In the towns of Pompton and West Milford there are large 

 tracts of uncultivated territory, having some diversity of soil 

 and aspect and including three extensive swamps. Much of this 

 territory is still uninvestigated ; but in the portions visited 

 fourteen species of orchids have been found. The commonest 

 and most widely distributed is Peramium puhescens. In twenty- 

 two trips, this species was observed in nearly every one, including 

 one in January. Often it was found in great numbers, in both 

 dry and moist places. 



The species next in frequency, so far as observed, is Isotria 

 verticillata. Two considerable colonies are known, besides many 

 scattered plants. About 100 plants were counted on June i, 

 1927. Fruiting capsules were seldom seen. Apparently it does 

 not blossom freely or it has not the needed insect visitors. 



Cypripedium acaule grows in many places, but no colony is 

 known. Ibidium cernuum is fairly abundant in one wet meadow. 

 The two coralroots are widely distributed but not abundant, 

 Galeorchis is found in one wooded ravine. 



The other species included in the enumeration were seen only 

 occasionally. These are: Cypripedium puhescens, Ibidium 

 gracile, Liparis liliifolia and L. Loeselii, Malaxis unifolia, 

 Ilabenaria fimhriata and //. psycodes. It is noteworthy that the 

 species most frequently seen in these two towns of northern 

 New Jersey correspond closely with those found in upper Man- 



