98 



been transferred from one genus to another. At least forty dif- 

 ferent specific and varietal names had been applied to them before 

 1850. With four sets of rules, Vienna, Kew, Rochester, and 

 Philadelphia, and at least as many different interpretations of 

 them, uniformity of names can hardly be expected at present for 

 such varying and poorly studied plants. 



There is no complete index to the literature on this genus. 

 Many names are omitted in the Index Kewensis, and even when 

 Watson's Bibliographical Index, Roemer's Synopses Mono- 

 graphicae and Sargent's Silva are also consulted, important refer- 

 ences are wanting. 



A. CANADENSIS (L.) Medic. There seems to be good reason 

 to adopt this name for our largest form. Linnaeus named it 

 Mespilus canadensis, or rather adopted the name. Medicus put 

 it into his genus AviclancJiier in 1793. But it has another name. 

 When the son of Linnaeus transferred his father's Mcspilns cana- 

 densis to the genus Pynis, for some reason not apparent he gave 

 it a new specific name, Botryapiuui, which De Candolle retained 

 when he transferred it to Anielanchier, in 1825, so that A. Botry- 

 apinni is a synonym for this species and is generally used in 

 English nurseries. Torrey and Gray very ingeniously united 

 both names, calling it A. canadensis var. Botiyapiuvi. Some 

 of its other synonyms are quite suggesti\'e of its appearance, 

 such as arborea, i-accniosa, and cordata. Michaux's specimen of 

 the latter, M. canadensis var. cordata, as he called it, is very typ- 

 ical ; a photograph of it is now in the Gray Herbarium. 



A. INTERMEDIA Spach. The smaller forms of A. canadensis, 

 generally called " oblongifolia," become under the Rochester 

 Code A. obovalis (Michx.) Ashe. The photograph in the Gray 

 Herbarium of Michaux's specimen seems to be typical. If we 

 regard this form or rather these forms as a variety, the name 

 will be A. canadensis var. obovalis. But if we regard it as a spe- 

 cies there seems to be no excuse under the other three rules for 

 disregarding the oldest available specific name which it has re- 

 ceived. Spach named it as above in 1834, or four years before 

 Torrey and Gray used the varietal name oblongifolia, which 

 Roemer made specific in 1847. Spach gave it a good character- 



