256 



of plants to their habitat and to men, of food and timber 

 supply, parasitism, disease, decay, soil replenishment, etc. 



"An elementary consideration of the relations of plants to men 

 as shown in plant and animal diseases, hygiene, agriculture, horti- 

 culture, erosion, decay, foods, fibers, etc., should be presented 

 as an organic part of the study of botany. An adequate con- 

 sideration of such separate applied sciences as agriculture, for- 

 estry, bacteriology, and horticulture should follow the general 

 study of plants and animals." 



4. "The time requirement of the course should be the equivalent 

 of 180 periods of at least 40 minutes each; there should be two 

 doubled periods per week for laboratory or field work, each of 

 these doubled periods counting as one period in making up the 

 total 180 periods." 



The "suggested plan" of the course includes more material 

 than any one year's work can present. The economic and prac- 

 tical phases are emphasized more throughout than in the report 

 of the Committee of Education of the Botanical Society of 

 America.* It is also stated that any of the following topics 

 may serve as an introduction to the course, and lead directly 

 to others of the group. The content is indicated below: 



1. The structures o*f a typical seed plant — roots, stem, leaves, 

 flowers, and seeds — and the kinds of work done by these parts. 



How the plant lives — elementary, physiological experiments, 

 absorption, root pressure, conduction, transpiration, photosyn- 

 thesis, relation of functions to the structures by means of which 

 they are performed. 



The work of leaves. 



The storage of food, its relation to the plant; its relation to 

 men and other animals. 



Seeds and seedlings; seed distribution; the establishment of 

 new plants. 



Acquaintance with some of the plants of the locality. 



2. In addition to the topics just named, owing to seasonal ad- 

 vantage, preferences of the teacher, or needs of the pupils, the 

 following will at times be found best in this connection, while in 



*See Torreya 9: 60-63, 81-85. 1909. 



