44 



cally distinct, under the name Dasistoma macrophylla (Nutt.) 

 Raf. 



Five remaining genera have been divided as follows: Linaria 

 Hill into Linaria Miller, Kickxia Dumort, Cymbalaria Hill, and 

 Chaenorrhinum Reich.; Bacopa into Bramia Lam., Hydrotrida 

 Small, Macuillamia Raf., Herpestis Gaertn., and Pagesia, Raf.; 

 Gratiola L. into Gratiola L. and Tragiola Small & Pennell; 

 Veronica into Veronicastrum Fab. (Leptandra Raf.) and Veron- 

 ica L.; Gerardia into Aureolaria Raf. Tomanthera Raf. and 

 Gerardia L. emend. Benth. The latter name is adopted accord- 

 ing to the International Rules but under protest. It is note- 

 worthy that only two of these, Hydrotrida and Tragiola, repre- 

 sent new segregations. 



The author has examined the material in practically every 

 herbarium of consequence in the country, and in several foreign 

 institutions as well. Each specimen is cited in full, according to 

 state, county, locality, collector, and number. These citations 

 often occupy several pages and extend to several hundred speci- 

 mens. Surely he has had ample opportunity to test and prove 

 his taxonomic conclusions and the accuracy of his keys. 



Many persons probably have the idea that Verbascum, with 

 its five anthers and nearly regular corolla, represents a point of 

 contact with the Solanaceae, and therefore the primitive genus 

 of the family. Pennell, on the contrary, regards Gratiola and 

 related genera as most primitive because of the separate stigmas 

 and substantiates his view with geographical evidence. 



The author concludes his work with a fifty-page discussion 

 of the distribution of plants in eastern America, naturally sup- 

 porting his views chiefly by the known range of the Scrophu- 

 lariaceae. This chapter is too full of facts and theories to be 

 capable of adequate review, but it amounts to an excellent 

 resume of modern distribution, migrations and geographical 

 origin of our flora. 



As an appendix, there is an alphabetical list of about a 

 thousand collectors of Scrophulariaceae, naturally including a 

 vast majority of all our field botanists, with dates of birth and 

 death, their chief collecting regions, and the herbaria where 

 their material is chiefly deposited. 



The whole book is excellently printed, very free from typo- 

 graphical errors, and so practical that it will doubtless be a 



