89 



Mackenzie, Mintin Asbury Chrysler, Waldron de Witt Miller, 

 Percy Wilson, Norman Taylor, Gladys Pomeroy Anderson, 

 and Edward J. Alexander. The collections of Mackenzie, 

 Miller, and Tweedy are probably the most extensive made in 

 the region before the present survey was begun. 



In the Watchung area, out of the total of 1355 species and 

 varieties recorded, 1105 (or 81 per cent) are native — the re- 

 maining 250 (or 19 per cent) are introduced. Some of these 

 foreign introductions have become very widely naturalized and 

 constitute what may in many cases be designated as pernicious 

 weeds. Others have become only sparingly naturalized; a few 

 have been found only as waifs. Species existing in the area only 

 in cultivation are, of course, not here considered. Of the 250 

 introductions to the region, 164 are indigenous to Europe, 12 to 

 Eurasia, 26 to Asia, 1 to the Old World tropics in general, 14 to 

 tropical America, and 23 to other portions of North America. 

 In addition, 10 species and varieties usually ascribed to horti- 

 cultural origin have escaped from cultivation and have become 

 more or less naturalized. 



Some of the more interesting naturalized species of the region 

 have been described in a previous article.^ Elaeagnus umbellata, 

 a handsome Japanese shrub with silvery foliage, and Berberis 

 Thunbergii, the common barberry hedge, also frorn Japan, are 

 widespread through the fields, along the streams and throughout 

 the woods on both the First and Second ridges. Their distribu- 

 tion is doubtless explained by the fact that their fruits are 

 fleshy and highly relished by birds. Azalea japonica would 

 spread through the open fields far more rapidly even than it has, 

 were it not so relentlessly hunted and uprooted. Lonicera 

 Morrowi, Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus, Monarda didyma, 

 Symphytum officinalis, Phlox paniculata, Convolvulus japonicus 

 and C. arvensis, Vinca minor, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Ailanthus 

 altissima, Amygdalus persica, Malus sylvestris, Pyrus communis, 

 Chaenomeles lagenaria. Spiraea Billiardii and S. prunifolia var. 

 plena, Poterium Sanguisorba, two varieties of Deutzia scabra, 

 Cleome spinosa, Chelidonium majus, Pleuropterus cuspidatus, 

 Aristolochia macrophylla, two species of Narcissus, Asparagus 

 officinalis, Ornithogalum umbellatum, and four kinds of Hemero- 

 callis are other noteworthy introduced members of the flora. 



2 Torreya 31: 29-36. 1931. 



