90 



The European Sedum triphyllum is very common, as also are 

 Allium vineale, Salix alba, S.fragilis, and 5". purpurea, Humulus 

 Lupulus, Broussonetia papyrifera, Bilderdykia Convolvulus, 

 Ambrina ambrosioides, Mollugo verticillata, Dianthus Armeria, 

 Lychnis alba, Silene latifolia. Ranunculus acris and R. bulbosus, 

 Campe verna, Sisymbrium Nasturtium-aquaticum, Norta altis- 

 sima, Prunus avium, Abutilon Theophrasti, Pastinaca saliva 

 var. sylvestris, Lysimachia Nummularia, both the white- and 

 the yellow-flowered Verbascum Blattaria, V. Thapsus, and 

 Lonicerajaponica. Eight European mints are common — Lamium 

 purpureum,Glecoma hederacea,Leonurus cardiaca, Mentha gentilis, 

 M. piperita, M. spicata, Nepeta Cataria, and Prunella vulgaris. 

 Leucanthemum vulgare, from Europe, is one of the most con- 

 spicuous summer flowers in open fields and along roadsides, and 

 Galinsoga ciliata, from South America, together with Porlulaca 

 oleracea, from Europe, are among the most persistent and 

 pernicious of garden weeds. Other common introduced com- 

 posites are Arctium minus, Chamomilla suaveolens, Cirsium 

 arvense and C. lanceolatun}, Senecio sylvaticus and S. vulgaris, 

 Tanacetum vulgare, Tussilago Farfara, blue and white chicory, 

 dandelion, and two forms of Lactuca virosa. Of the 8 species of 

 hawkweed, 4 are native and 4 European. Hieracium murorum 

 is found in one large colony in the area — one of the half dozen 

 records of this species for America. 



Without doubt the rarest and most interesting of all the 

 native plants of the region is Obolaria virginica, a saprophytic 

 member of the gentian family, which has been found in sizable 

 colonies in many localities on the Second Watchung. Orchids, 

 too, are well represented. Thus far 17 species, representing 11 

 genera of this family, have been found in the vicinity of 

 Watchung, including Blephariglottis grandiflora, B. lacera, B. 

 psycodes, Corallorhiza maculata and C. odontorhiza, Goodyera 

 repens var. ophioides, Isotria verticillata, Limodorum tuberosum, 

 Liparis liliifolia, Galeorchis spectabilis, Malaxis unifolia, and 

 Perularia flava. Four species of ladies-tresses (Spiranthes) are 

 there found, and the moccasin-flower (Fissipes acaulis) is rather 

 abundant in some localities. None of these orchids, however, 

 can justly be designated as common and should therefore be 

 aff'orded all the protection and conservation that it is possible 

 to give them. Other species, common in the region up to a 



