13 



by the light aiver of snow present at the time the observations 

 were made. 



The snow also made it impossible to obtain a complete list 

 of all the species of vegetation in the proximity of the hemlock 

 group. However, the following species, some of which were 

 probabh' introduced along with the livestock, were noted: 

 Dryopteris intermedia, Carex spp., Maianthemum canadense, 

 Polygoyiiim sp., Coptis trifolia, Mitella nuda, Ribes Cynosbati, 

 Fragaria sp., Rubus idaeus var. aculealissimus, Trifolium repens, 

 Corn us canadensis, Verbascum Thapsus, and Lonicera canaden- 

 sis. 



Specimens collected from the trees may be found in the 

 U. S. National Herbarium at Washington and in the herbarium 

 of the University of Minnesota. 



At the present time the only hemlocks definitely known to 

 exist in Minnesota are: the Mille Lacs trees; two trees which 

 have been known for a few years in Jay Cooke State Park near 

 Duluth; a lone tree in Township 41 North, Range 17 West, 

 Pine County; and a few along the St. Croix River north of 

 Taylor's Falls. In earlier days, according to Winchell,^ the spe- 

 cies was known to occur in small groups or stands at several lo- 

 cations in the east-central part of the State, namely, in the 

 vicinity of Brookston and Paupores in St. Louis County (this 

 included a stand of about 300 acres), near Askov in Pine 

 County, near Moose Lake and in the neighborhood of Howell, 

 both in Carlton County. Although the State Division of For- 

 estry has made an exhaustive search for these trees in recent 

 years, all traces of them, with the possible exception of those 

 near Howell which are likely the same as the present Jay Cooke 

 Park trees, have been obliterated, probably by the severe fires 

 of 1918 or earlier years. 



No previous record, however, is known to exist of the Mille 

 Lacs trees. Since these are about thirty miles farther to the 

 west than the westernmost of the stations reported by Winchell 

 (the Moose Lake trees), it is readily apparent that this location 

 represents a considerable extension in range for this species. 

 Rumors have been heard of hemlocks even farther west than 



' Winchell, X. H. 1896. Geolog>' of Carlton County. In Final Report 

 Minn. Geol. and Natural History Survey 4:6. 



