30 



25. Buchu. Leaves of Barosma hetulina (Thunb.) Bartling & 



Wendland. Prepared as a fluid extract and infusion. Em- 

 ployed in genito-urinary diseases. 



26. Squill. Bulb of Urginea maritima (L.) Baker. Prepared as a 



fluidextract, etc; employed as a diuretic in dropsy. Also 

 used as an expectorant. 



27. Black Mustard. Seeds of Brassica nigra (L.) Koch, widely 



distributed in temperate regions. Used chiefly as a 

 counterirritant in the form of a poultice. 



28. Flaxseed. The seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. Universally 



cultivated. Prepared as an infusion it is used as a de- 

 mulcent to protect the mucous membranes of the 

 alimentary tract from irritation. 



29. Olive Oil. Oil from fruit of Olea europoea L. It is valuable as 



a demulcent and mild laxative. 



30. May-apple. Rhizome and roots of Podophyllum peltatum L. 



The resin and fluidextract are used. This drug is valu- 

 able as a liver invigorator and also as a slow purge. 



31. Peppermint. The leaves and flowering tops of Mentha 



piperita L. It contains a volatile oil used as a carmina- 

 tive. Menthol, an alcohol obtained from the oil, is used 

 to relieve head and tooth aches and in preparations for 

 nasal spray. 



32. Ginger. Rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Used as 



fluidextract, oleoresin, syrup, and tincture; applied in- 

 ternally as a carminative, externally as a rubefacient. It 

 is sometimes used as snuff. Widely cultivated in tropical 

 countries. 

 2)?). Gambir. The dried extract of leaves and twigs of Ourouparia 

 Gambir (Hunter) Baill. Prepared as a tincture. It owes 

 its properties chiefly to a high tannic acid content, and 

 is employed as an astringent. Useful in diarrhoea and 

 chronic gonorrhoea. 



34. Galla. Galls produced on twigs of Quercus infectoria Oliv. 



and other species of Oak. The powdered galls are prepared 

 as an ointment. Its astringent properties are due to a 

 high tannin content. 



35. Myrrh. A gum resin obtained from several species of Com- 



miphora. As a tincture it is used locally for spongy gums, 

 indolent ulcers, etc. It also has tonic properties. 



