46 



8. Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. (Smaller Yellow Lady's 



Slipper), also the Var. puhescens (Willd.) Knight (Larger 

 Yellow Lady's Slipper). A tincture prepared from the 

 rhizome and roots stimulates the nervous system, acting 

 as an antispasmodic. 



9. Salix sp. (Willow). The bark contains a glucoside called 



salicin, and tannin, as its chief constitutents. In infusion 

 or decoction it was formerly employed as an antiperiodic. 

 Salicylic acid was originally derived from Salicin, but it 

 is now made synthetically from phenol. Salicylic acid is 

 used as a stomatic and its sodium salt is administered 

 hypodermically in^the treatment of rheumatism. It is a 

 constituent in the manufacture of Aspirin. 



10. Popiilus candicans Ait. (Balm of Gilead). The buds are 



covered with a resinous substance from which a fluidex- 

 tract is prepared and used as an expectorant. As an 

 ointment it is applied to indolent ulcers. 

 IL Juglans cinerea L. (Butternut). The bark of the root pre- 

 pared as a fluidextract is reputed to be effective in the 

 treatment of dysentery and constipation. 



12. Betula lenta L. (Sweet Birch). Contains a glucoside, Gaul- 



therin, which is decomposed by water to oil of winter - 

 green. This is the commercial source of the oil. Oil of 

 wintergreen is used in liniments for muscular rheumatism, 

 etc. 



13. Quercus alba L. (White Oak). Infusion or decoction of the 



bark is used as an astringent. It owes its properties to a 

 high percentage of tannic acid. 



14. Ulmiis fulva Michx. (Slippery Elm). The inner bark con- 



tains a mucilaginous substance, whence it is used as a 

 demulcent to alleviate irritation of the throat, etc. 



15. Rumex crispus L. (Yellow Dock). The root is used in the 



treatment of skin diseases; as a decoction, administered 

 internally and as an ointment or decoction, applied ex- 

 ternally. 



16. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Mexican Tea, also called 



American Wormseed). The oil, or a decoction made from 

 the ripe fruits, is used to expel worms, particularly in 

 children. 



17. Phytolacca decandra L. (Common Pokeweed). The root was 



