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Calopogon does not flower until the time usually supposed for 

 this species. My earliest record is July 4, 1912. 



About a mile distant from this bog less numerous and more 

 dwarfed plants of Calopogon are found still persisting although 

 the swamp which was its original habitat has now become dry 

 (I believe through drainage), and is being invaded by the black 

 oak {Quercus velutina) preceded by the characteristic fern of the 

 oak associations in this region, Pteris aquilina. In the remaining 

 open area of this swamp Calopogon has entirely disappeared. 

 Typical bog forms as Drosera rotiindifoUa, if indeed they ever 

 existed, have also disappeared. The remaining swamp flora is 

 becoming much dwarfed, and doubtless will soon vanish. The 

 only swamp form which seems to be holding its own is Viola 

 lanceolata. Aspidium thelypteris and Osmunda regalis were 

 extremely dwarfed, the latter infertile. Of Iris versicolor a single 

 specimen remained. Of numerous specimens of the button-bush 

 {Cephalanthits occidentalis) all were dead except for a few dwarfed 

 shoots from the base. Calopogon here, although not found in 

 the open, occurs in fair numbers at the bases of the black oaks 

 at the edge of the swamp. In such a habitat it blooms about a 

 month earlier than do those of the bog. My earliest record is 

 June 3, 191 1. Of course, plants in both situations may bloom 

 earlier or later according to the fluctuations of the weather. In 

 June of the present year (1913) I found at the base of a black oak 

 about ten feet in height 39 specimens of Calopogon mingled with 

 such forms as Euphorbia corollata, Viola sagittata and Phlox 

 pilosa. A short distance from the base of the tree, more in the 

 open, but not over ten feet away, w^ere such characteristic plants 

 of dry sandy soil as Pteris aquilina, Lupinus perennis, Tephrosia 

 virginiana, Helianthemum canadense, and Viola pedata lineariloba. 

 As before stated, all the specimens of Calopogon are much 

 dwarfed. The largest number of flowers found in a single raceme 

 was five. Even this small number was exceptional. Three was 

 the average number, and often there were only two or even one. 

 The plants farthest from the base of the tree usually consisted 

 of the leaf only. The early blooming of Calopogon in this habitat 

 is doubtless due to the well-known causes which induce early 

 flowering, namely, drought and high temperature. 



