13 



may be three series of bracts, according to Millspaugh and Chase. 

 Rays bright orange, with seven strong nerves; bifid at apex. 

 {H. calif ornicus has the rays bifid, and we have this year obtained 

 a var, hort. bifidus, with the rays strongly bifid at apex, of the 

 vinous type of H. annuus). Achenes black, mottled with gray; 

 densely hairy, the hairs long and silvery. Corolla lobes of disc 

 florets densely hairy. Disc bracts nearly parallel-sided, slightly 

 narrowing toward the base (shape about as in H. ciliaris) , without 

 lateral lobes or teeth; ends ferruginous, sharply pointed, perhaps 

 not folding over corollas in bud, in which case the character is 

 a good one for separation from Helianthus. Pappus of disc 

 florets of two very easily deciduous pointed scales, as in Heli- 

 anthus; and two very persistent broad strongly fimbriate quad- 

 rate squamellae, entirely separate from the pointed scales. 

 Rarely a squamella is bifid. Millspaugh and Chase* found that 

 in Yucatan specimens (apparently representing a distinct sub- 

 specific form) the squamellae were nearly always connate with 

 the long pointed scales. 



It is on this last character, of the squamellae, that Viguiera 

 is separated from Helianthus. I find, however, that the condi- 

 tion of the pappus-scales in various species of Helianthus has 

 not been exactly described. The following notes will illustrate 

 the conditions found : 



H. orgyalis D.C. (In hort. D. M. Andrews, Boulder). 



Disc florets with practically complete pappus crown, the 

 lateral parts (squamellae) small, and attached to the others. 

 Achenes of ray florets trigonal, with three pappus scales. The 

 achenes are wholly smooth. Later, Dr. Britton sent me wild 

 material collected in Miami Co., Kansas {Oyster), and it showed 

 the same characters. On the characters of the pappus, this 

 might be considered a Viguiera, but in other respects it is not 

 allied to V. helianthoides . 



H. maximiliani Schrad. (In hort. D. M. Andrews, Boulder). 



Disc florets with two pappus scales, which may have lateral 

 basal tooth-like processes, rudiments of attached squamellae. 

 Ray achenes trigonal, with three equally developed pappus 

 scales. Achenes glabrous. 



(/ H. ciliaris D.C. (Mesilla Valley, New Mexico, E. 0. Wooton). 



Disc florets with two short, pointed, rather broad pappus 

 scales, their margins erose or toothed. Ray florets with two 



* Plantae Yucatanae. Field Columbian Museum, Publ. 92 pp. 119-120. 1904. 



u- 



