224 



C. hiascens representing his variety macrophylla, unless we 

 are to move the variety platyna of islandica into the 

 synonymy of macrophylla and recognize it as the same 

 plant. The best character we have to distinguish hiascens 

 from the smaller states of islandica and tenuifolia is the 

 espinulose lateral margins of the laciniae, and even the 

 variability' of this character for many years held hiascens 

 as a variety of islandica itself. It is true that platyna 

 has generally subspinulose lateral margins, but the spines 

 are confined to the summits much less rarely than in 

 hiascens, and Mr. Merrill himself attributes spinulose 

 margins to his variety. A comparison of Acharius' 

 original description of platyna and Mr. Merrill's of 

 macrophylla shows a marked similarity. Both contain 

 the diagnostic word "pallid," and Acharius calls the 

 margins possessed of harmless teeth. Even if Mr. 

 Merrill's assumption is correct, the Acharian name has 

 priority for these broad leaved plants. And finally I 

 cannot help believing that a far closer relationship exists 

 between the plants of the islandica and hiascens stock 

 than is expressed in even a parallelism. 

 ExsiccATi: No. 187. Decades No. Amer. Lich., Cummings, 

 etc., Newfoundland, Lane au Mort, Sept. 28, 1895. Rev. 

 A. C. Waghorne, called C. isla?idica var. Delisaei (Bor.) 

 Schaer. 



No. 118. Lich. Boreali-Amer., Cummings, etc., Newfound- 

 land, Blanc Sablon, Sept. 14, 1894., Rev. A. C. Waghorne. 



No. 7. Canadian Lich., Macoun., various stations, 1869- 

 1883, called C. islandica var. Delisaei (Bor.) Schaer. 



Nt). 230. Decades No. Amer. Lich., Cummings, etc., Mt. 

 Lafayette, N. H., Aug. 6, 1896, C. E. Cummings, called 

 C. aculeata (Schreb.) Ach. 



Cetraria Richardsoxii Hook. 

 Synonymy: [Lichenoides corniculatum rigidum spadiceum, etc., 

 Dill., Hist. Muse. 545. 1741.] 

 Cetraria Richardsonii Hook., Rich. App. Frankl. Narr. Jour. 

 Polar Sea 761. 1823. 



