67 



figures and describes many crimson-splashed vertical cliffs on 

 the west coast of Greenland and says the snow was red to a depth 

 of lo to 12 feet, which statement, however, may be taken with a 

 grain of salt. In the same year of the publication of Ross' 

 account, the plant was named Uredo nivalis by Bauer of Kew. 

 Then Sommerfelt, in 1824, recognized it as an alga and called it 

 Sphaerella nivalis. In 1896, Chodat, in studying the red snow 

 of the Alps, indicated that this was not congeneric with the red 

 rainwater species, Sphaerella lacustris, but that it was more like 

 Chlamydomonas, and Wille actually made the transfer to 

 Chlamydomonas, in 1903, assuming that it was identical with 

 the Sphaerella of Greenland. The genus Sphaerella has the 

 central mass of protoplasm united to the outer wall by threads 

 of protoplasm. We do not know whether the Greenland species 

 has these threads, because it has always been studied in its 

 quiescent stage. There is, then, at present no sufficient evidence 

 for the assumption of the identity of Sphaerella nivalis of Green- 

 land with Chlamydomonas nivalis of the Alps and the Scandi- 

 navian mountains. 



Red Snow in North America has been reported in the Rockies, 

 the Selkirks and the Sierra Nevada, and has also been assumed 

 without evidence to be the same species as that found in Green- 

 land. 



In Norway in 1920 Dr. Hazen found three species causing this 

 phenomenon or red snow: (i) Chlamydomonas nivalis Wille, 

 (2) The little known C. laleritia (Wittr.) Lagerheim, and (3) an 

 entirely undescribed species, which is the chief occasion for this 

 paper. Fortunately he found this new species in the motile 

 stage and determined the presence of 4 flagella instead of 2 as 

 in Chlamydomonas. It is somewhat similar to the genus Car- 

 teria, which, however, has its 4 cilia coming from only one 

 point, while in the new form the cilia are inserted separately, 

 somewhat distant from each other. A similar plant, green in 

 color, had been described in 1876 by Archer as a form of Chlamy- 

 domonas and in 1883 it was named Tetratoma by Biitschli. 

 The red species discovered by Dr. Hazen at Haugast^l, Norway, 

 is therefore apparently new and served to confirm Biitschli's 

 hitherto rather doubtful genus. 



In the discussion which followed Dr. Seaver remarked that 

 mycologists had experienced some difficulty with Sphaerella 



