Occurs on all the islands, except possibly Hawaii, at elevations 

 of 1,000-4,000 ft. in the rain-forests. Native name " Pamakani.'' 



Var. beta Hillebrand, Flora, p. 17, 1888, has the young shoots 

 and inflorescence puberulous with a silvery-gray tomentum; old 

 leaves pubescent. Leaves serrate with uncinate teeth; stipules 

 large, 6 lines long; flowers whitish. Confined to the Wai-ale-ale 

 rain-forests of Kauai, at about 3,000 feet. Native name " Olopii." 



2. Viola Helena Forbes. Described in Occ. Papers Bishop 

 Museum, vol. 4, no. 3, 1908, p. 42 and plate. 



"Plant 1-2 feet high. Leaves lanceolate, tapering at both 

 ends, glandular-serrate, 3-4H lines long by 7-9 lines wide, with 

 petioles of 2-3 lines. 



"Scapes or peduncles i or 2 on a stem, 2-3 lines, with 2-3 

 linear bracts, bearing an umbel of 2 flowers on pedicels of 10-14 

 lines which have bractlets of about i line. Sepals lanceolate, 2 

 lines long. Petals a little more than twice as long, the lower 

 saccate, white or pale lavender, the lower and lateral ones 

 bearded. Capsule glabrous, 7 lines long." 



Recorded only from the Wahiawa Mountains of Kauai; 

 hygrophytic. 



3. V. Helena var. Lanaiensis Rock. Described in College of 

 Hawaii Bulletin i, 191 1, p. 6. 



"Caudex erect, 3 dm.-i3 dm. long, woody, hollow, foliose at> 

 the apex. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, about i dm. X 12-18 mm., 

 acuminate at both ends, on somewhat margined petioles of 5 mm , 

 serrate with callous teeth; bluish-purple when young, light green 

 with pellucid oil-dots when old; stipules lanceolate, i cm. long, 

 caudate-fimbriate, blackish, with a prominent median vein. 



"Peduncles bi-bracteate, 1.5 cm. with a bi-bracteolate pedicel 

 of 4.5 cm. long, bearing a single small, pinkish-white flower; 

 sepals lanceolate, not saccate. Capsule lanceolate, 12 mm. long; 

 seeds ovoid, blackish." 



Recorded only from the island of Lanai, 2,000-3,200 feet; 

 hygrophytic. 



4. Viola helioscopa Hillebrand. Described in his Flora of the 

 Hawaiian Islands, 1888, p. 17. 



An erect shrub, 2-3 feet high, "with a few slender wand-like 

 branches foliose at the top. Stipules deltoid-subulate, fringed 

 with long, glandular fimbria. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, 



