22 A CRANIOMETRIC STUDY 



fossil hominidae such as for example Neanderthal man (44°), 

 Pilttlown man (50°) and the Cro-magnon man (54°). Fig 6 

 has been devised for the purpose of comparing the bregmatic 

 angle in ther Miemae and the Piltdown crania. This angle it 

 may be noted is included between the glabella-bregma (G. B.) 

 and the glabella-inion (G. I.) lines. The frontal curves of 

 both skulls are exhibited in the mesial plane in the Fig., and 

 it will be noted how effectively an increase in the size of this 

 angle (in this case from 50° to 60°) raises the cranial roof dur- 

 ing the evolutionary process, and thereby of course substan- 

 tially increases its capacity. 



The Cranial Chords and Curvatures. 



The Glabella-bregma chord which measured 100.5 mm., 

 was comparatively short when compared with that of the, . 

 average European skull, which was given by Berry & Robert-" ■ 

 son, ('") as 112.5 mm., (the average of five). This low figure 

 probably was explained partly at least by the fact that this 

 Micmac skull as a whole was comparatively shorter than the 

 average European type, and this would tend to shorten the 

 individual cranial chords and curvatures (Fig. 7). It was even 

 below the minimum range of variation for the European type 

 which was 109 mm. The maximum distance of the frontal 

 cranial arc from the frontal chord was at a point 37.5 mm. 

 from the glabella and measured 20 mm. This was less than 

 the average for the Canadian skull, Avhich I found to be about 

 24 mm., and was less even than the distance in the Pilt- 

 down skull which was supposed to be 24 mm., as Fig. shows. 

 It is thus clear that any slight increase of this distance assists j 

 greatly in the "uplifting" of the frontal cranial arc. For ex- 

 ample', in Fig. 6 it will be noted that, though the bregmatic 

 angle is much less in the Piltdown skull, the enhanced dis- 

 tance between the chord and arc brings it up very nearly to 

 the outline of the Micmac skull. 



