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young. Leaves blunt, entire, costa ends below the apex. Seta Iohk and 

 twisted. Slender cups are often found at the apex of the branches, these 

 cups contain little K»<-'en bodies called gemmae. These gemmae are able 

 to propagate the plant asexually. The plants are found on decayed trunks 

 and mature in summer. 



Grimmia. 



The genus Grimmia is characterized by its smooth calyptra. Capsule 

 ovoid symmetric, often immersed. Leaves are costate, entire, acuminate. 

 They spread somewhat when moist, are usually hyaline at the apex. The 

 margin is often recurved and they are lanceolate in shape. The plants 

 are small, light green above, black below, they are tufted, are always to 

 be found on rocks. Mature in the spring. Species determination depends 

 upon microscopical examination. 



Hedwigia. 



H. albicans. 



The capsule is always immersed and spherical in shape. The leaves 

 are ecostate, entire, acute, serrate and hyaline at tip. The plants appear 

 hoary at top but are black at base. They spread when moist. They are 

 of medium size and mature in spring. Leaves are recurved and concave. 

 Mature in spring. 



Leptobryum. 

 L. pyriforme. 



This is one of the Bryiim group and like them it has an unsymmetrical, 

 inclined capsule which in this species is pear-shaped. Leaves are long 

 acuminate running off into a long hair-like point. The base of the leaf 

 is broad; costa excurrent. Apex is serrate. Cells of the leaf are narrow 

 and linear. Plants are pale shining green and form rather large tufts. 

 Mature in spring and summer. 

 Leucobryum. 

 L. glaucum,. 



Capsule cylindric, with cucullate calyptra. Leaves ovate, enclosed 

 with hyaline cells, obtuse or acute, costate, entire. Plants form large 

 dense white cushions in deep woods. They are of medium size. Mature 

 in spring, or winter. 



Mnium. 



The plants of this genus are large, forming loose wide tufts in deep 

 woods, loving moist substratum. The plants form stolons and are usually 

 woody and tomentose. Capsule large, unsymmetric and inclined. Leaves 

 serrate, costate, usually acute or obtuse, large and oval. Seta long. 

 M. cuspidatum. 



This is the early spring form. The leaves are bordered, serrate with 

 single teeth in the upper half only. Capsule single. 

 Other common forms of Mnium are: 

 M. hornum with serrate leaves and teeth in pairs. Costa vanishing below the 



apex. 

 M. punctatum with leaves costate to the apex, entire and minutely apiculate. 

 M. punctatum var. elatmn, the costa vanishes below the apex. The leaves 

 are very large. 



