83 



Although for convenience of reference, the physiological topics 

 are here grouped together, they should by no means be studied 

 by themselves and apart from anatomy and morphology. On 

 the contrary, they should be taken up along with the study of 

 the structures in which the processes occur, and which they help 

 to explain ; thus — photosynthesis should be studied with the 

 leaf, as should also transpiration, while digestion may best come 

 with germination, osmotic absorption with the root, and so on. 

 The student should either try, or at least aid in trying, experi- 

 ments to demonstrate the fundamental processes indicated above 

 in italics. 



Modifications (metamorphoses) of parts for special functions. 



Dissemination. Cross-pollination. 



Light relations of green tissues ; leaf mosaics. 



Special habitats ; Mesophytes, Hydrophytes, Halophytes, Xe- 

 rophytes ; Climbers, Epiphytes, Parasites (and Saphro- 

 phytes), Insectivora. 



The topics in ecology (particularly the first four and in part 

 the fifth), like those in physiology, are to be studied not by them- 

 selves, but along with the structures with which they are most 

 closely associated, as cross-pollination with the flower, dissemina- 

 tion with the seed, etc. The fifth may most advantageously be 

 studied in G in Part II. 



In this connection field-work is of great importance, and, for 

 some topics, is indispensable, though much may be done also 

 with potted plants in green-houses, photographs, and museum 

 specimens. It is strongly recommended that some systematic 

 field-work be considered as an integral part of the course, coor- 

 dinate in definiteness and value as far as it goes with the laboratory 

 work. The temptations to haziness and guessing in ecology must 

 be combated. 



Part II. The Natural History of the Plant Groups, and 

 Classification 

 A comprehensive summary of the great natural groups of 

 plants, based upon the thorough study of the structure, repro- 

 duction and adaptations to habitat of one or two types from each 



