32 



cular, 200 feet in diameter, divided equally between the two kinds of 

 rocks, reaching, within a few feet, the top of the bluff above and the 

 level of the valley below. It runs back in a semicircular sweep to a 

 depth of 100 feet; the top is a perfect half dome, and the lower half 

 only less so from'^the accumulation of debris and the thick brushy foliage, 

 the cool dampness of its shadowed interior, where the sun never touches, 

 favoring a luxuriant growth. A strata ot harder rock across the central 

 line of the cave has left a bench running around its entire half circle, 

 upon which is built the row of buildings which caught our attention 

 half a mile away. In figure 3, Plate 16, we have a plan of a horizontal 

 section of the cave, showing the le|3ge and the manner of the disposi- 

 tion of the buildings upon it; in the drawing at the top of Plate 17, we 

 have a view of them as seen from the opposite side of the cave. 



It will be seen that the houses occupy the left hand or eastern half of 

 the cave, for the reason, probably, that the ledge was wider on that side, 

 and the wall back of it receded in such a manner as to give considerable 

 additional room for the second floor, or for the upper part of the one- 

 story rooms. It is about 50 feet from the outer edge in to the first 

 building, a small structure 16 feet long, 3 feet wide at the outer end, 

 and 4 at the opposite end; the walls, standing only four feet on the high- 

 est remaining corner, were nearly all tumbled in. Then came an open 

 space 11 feet wide and 9 deep, that served probably as a sort of work- 

 shop. Four holes were drilled into the smooth rock floor, about 6 feet 

 equidistantly apart, each from 6 to 10 inches deep and 5 in diameter, as 

 perfectly round as though drilled by machinery. We can reasonably 

 assume that these people were familiar with the art of weaving, and 

 that it was here they worked at the loom, the drilled holes supporting 

 its posts. At b, in this open space, are a number of grooves worn into 

 the rock in various places, caused by the artificers of the little town in 

 shaping and polishing their stone implements. The main building 

 comes next, occupying the widest portion of the ledge, which gives an 

 average width of 10 feet inside; it is 48 feet long outside, and 12 high, 

 divided inside into 3 rooms, the first two 13J feet each in length, and 

 the third 16 feet, divided into two stories, the lower and upper 5 feet in 

 height. The joist holes did not penetrate through the walls, being 

 inserted about 6 inches, half the thickness. The beams rested upon 

 the sloping back-wall, which receded far enough to make the upper 

 rooms about square. Window-like apertures afforded communication 

 between each room, all through the second story, excepting that which 

 opened out to the back of the cave. There was also one window in 

 each lower room, about 12 inches square, looking out towards the open 

 country, and in the upper rooms several small apertures not more than 3 

 inches wide were pierced through the wall, hardly more than peep-holes. 

 The walls of the large building continued back in an unbroken line 130 

 feet farther, with an average height of 8 feet, and divided into 11 apart- 

 ments, with -^ communicating apertures through all. The first room was 

 9^- feet wide, the others dwindling down gradually to only 4 feet in width 

 at the other extremity. The rooms were of unequal length, the following 

 being their inside measurements, commencing from the outer end, viz ; 

 12^, 9 J, 8, 7^, 9, 10, 8, 7, 7, 8, 31 feet; the ledge then runs along, grad- 

 ually narrowing, 50 feet: farther, where another wall occurs across it, 

 after which it soon merges into the smooth wall of the cave. The first 

 of these rooms had an aperture leading outwards large enough to crawl 

 through; the wall around it had been broken away so that its exact 

 size could not be determined ; all the others, of which there were about 

 two to each room, were mere peep-holes, about 3 inches in diameter, and 



