97 

 NISUS COOPERI. 



Northern Falcon Lath. Gou. Synop. i, 1781, 79, No. G2 (=$ ad.). 



J'rt/co ht/emaUs /^. Gmkl. S.N. i, 178S, '274 (=9 ad.). 



Falco cooperi Konap. Am. Orn. i, 1828, pi. 10, tig. 1; Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 433; Isi.s, 

 1832, 1137.— Jameson (ed. Wils.), Am. Oiu. iv, 1.-31, 3. — I5i;e\vki{, Bost. Joiirn. 

 N. H. i, 1837, 43G (Mass.).— Pica liODV, ih. iii, 1841, 78. — Thompson, Nat. Hist. 

 Vermont, 1853, p. —.—Read, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliila. 18.^j3, p. — (N. Oliio). 

 Ashir cooperi Bonap. Comp. List, i, 1838, .'"> ; Rev. Zool. 18rj0, 489; Cou.sp. Av. i, 

 18.50, 31.— Jakdine (ed. Wilson), Orn. 1840, (>51.— Gamhel, Pr. Ac. Nat. 

 Sci. Phila. 1846, p. — (California).- Phatten, Tr. 111. Ag. Soc. 18.53-4, .599 (S. 

 Illinois). — Kennicott, ib, 581, (N. 111.).— Putnam, Pr. Essex Inst. 1856,204 

 ■ (Mass.). 

 Accipiter cooperi De Kay, Zool. N. Y. ii, 1844, 18, pi. iv, fig. 5.— Gray, List. 

 Ace. Brit. Mns. 1848, 38; Genera of B. i, 1849, 29; Hand List, i, 1869, 

 32.— CAS.SIN, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. 1848, p. — (Xalapa); ;7;. 1855, 279 ; 111. Birds 

 Cal. Tex. etc, 18.56, 96; Birds N. Am. 1858, 16.— Hoy, Pr. Ac. Nat. Stfi. 

 Phila. 18.53, p. — (Wisconsin) ; Smithsonian Rep. 1864, 437 (MLssouri). — Knee- 

 land, Pr. Boston S&c. N. H. 1857, 233 (Keweenaw Point, Lake Superior). — 

 Heekmann, Pacific R. R. Rep. vii, 18.57, 31. — Newberry, ib. x\, iv, 18.57, 

 74.— Brewer, N. Am, 0()logy, 1857, 20, pi. v, fig. 55.— . — Max. Caban, 

 Jouru. vi, 1858, 13.— Baiud, Cat. N. Am. Birds, 18.59, No. 15.— Henry, 

 Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 18.59, p. — .— Sclater, P. Z. S. 18.59, 389.— Bar- 

 nard, Smithsonian Report, 1860, 434 (Pennsylvania). — Cooper & Sucklby, 

 P. R. R. Rep. xii, ii, I860, 145.— Blakiston, Ihis, 1861, 317 (Forks of the 

 Saskatchewan, May 21). — Boardman, Pr. Boston Soc. N. H. 1862,122 (Calais, 

 Maine, summer). — Verrill, Pr. Esses Tnst. iii, 1863, p. — (Maine). — Samuels, 

 Rep. Sec. Agr. Mass. 1864, p. — : Birds New Eng. 1870,27. — Dresser, Ibis, 



1865, 323 (Texas).— CouES, Pr. Ac' Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 43 (Arizona) ; Pr. Essex 

 Inst. 1868, p. — ; Pr. Boston Soc. 1868, 120 (S. Carolina) ; Pr. Ac, Nat. Sci. 

 Phila. 1871, 27 (Ft. Macon, N. C); Key to N. Am. Birds, 1872, 212; Check- 

 list N. Am. Birds, 1873, 67 ; Birds Northwest, 1874, 334. — Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. 

 Y. 1866, p, — ; 1868, 134 (Costa Rica).— Allen, Am. Nat, 1870, 173 (migrations) ; 

 BnllM.SC. Z. ]871,p. — (Florida).— SCL. & Salv. Ex. Orn, xi, 1869, 170; Norn, 

 Neotr, 1873, 129.— Turnbull, Birds of E. Penn, 1869, p. — .— Ridgway, Pr, Ac. 

 Nat. Sci, Phila, 1870, 141.— Maynard, Birds of Mass. 1870, 163,— Ross, Birds of 

 Canada, 1871, 3,— Maynard, Pr. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 1871,26.— Snow, Birds 

 of Kansas, 1872, 2. — Adams, Rambles, 1873, 297. — Lawr. Mem. Boston Soc, N. 

 H. 1874 (S, W, Mexico in Winter ; biographical notes by A. J. Grayson). — Hen- 

 shaw, Ann. Lye, N. Y. 1874, 10 (Utah).— Sharpe, Cat. Ace. Bri't. Mus. 1874, 

 137. — Hatch, Bull. Minn. Acad. Sciences, 1874,51 (Minnesota). 



Xisiis cooperi Schleg. Rev. Ace. 1873, 73. — Ridgway, Pr. Boston Soc. N. H. 1873, 59 ; 

 i&. 1874, p. 23 (S. Iii.); Bull, Essex Inst. 1873,167; ib. 1875,10,13,19,21,34, 

 38 ; in B. B. &. R. Hist. N. Am. B. iii, 1874, 230 ; Ann. Lye. N. Y. 1874, 181 (Il- 

 linois), — Henshaw, Rep, Orn. Specs. Wheeler's Exp. 1874,49. 138, 



Falco stanleyi Audubon, Birds Am. 1831, pis. 36, 141 ; Oru. Biog. i, 1831, 186, 

 Cooperastur stanleyi Bonap. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1854, 538. 



Jccipiter mexicanus Swainson, Fauna Bor,-Am. ii, 1^31, 45, — Jardine (ed. Wilson), Am. 

 Orn. ii, 1832, 215, — Bonap, Consp. Av. i, 1850, 32 (sub J. /m.so(s).— Strickl. Orn. 

 Syn. i, 18.55, 109.— Cassin, Illust. Birds Cal. Tex. etc, 16.56,96; Pr, Ac. Nat. Sci, 

 Phila, 1855, 279 ; Birds N, Am. 1858, 17.— Xantus, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 

 190 (S. California). — Henry, ib. p. — (New Mexico). — Cooper & Suckley, Pa- 

 cific R, R, Rep, xii, ii, 1860, 146 (Washington Ter.).— Coues, Ibis, 1865, p, — ; ib. 



1866, p, — ; Pr. Ac, Nat. Sci. 1866, 43 (Arizona).— Cooper, Am, Nat, 1868 (Mon- 

 tana) ; Orn, Cal. i, 1570, 465.— Gray. Hand List, i, 1869, 33, 



Nisus cooperi vav. mexicanus Ridgway, Pr. Boston Soc. 1873, 59; Bull. Essex Inst. 

 1873, 168 (Colorado) ; in B. B. &. R, Hist,N, Am, Birds, iii, 1874,231, 

 Accipiter pileatus Strickland, Orn. Syn, i, 13.55, 105 (in part ; not A. pileatm Vigors), 



Habitat. — United States and table-lands of Mexico ; southward (iu 

 winter) to Costa Rica and Yeraqna ; north (in summer) to Xew Bruns- 

 wick, the Saskatchewan, and Washington Territory. 



Dm^«o.s^9.—^Yino•, 8.70-11.00; tail, 7.80-10.50; culmen, O.oS-O.SO; tar- 

 sus, 2,30-2.85; middle toe, 1.45-1.85. Fourth or filth quill longest; first 

 equal to or shorter than tenth ; outer five with inner webs siuuated. 

 Tail rounded. Tarsi usually distinctly scutellate. 



Adult. — Above slate-color, varying from a tine bluish to a brownish 



