226 



rest of Arizona fiom Ives,^ Parke,^ Whipple,'^ Sitgreaves,* Siaipson/ Mex- 

 ican Boundary Survey,*^ and the published results of the survey under 

 Lieutenant Wheeler, Corps of Engineers. Southern California has been 

 explored by Pai^e,^ Williamson,' Whipple,^ and, in more detail, by the 

 California State survey.'^ The latter has made detailed study, also, of 

 the greater part of the State, notably of the Sierra jSTevada and the 

 Coa^ ranges. ^Nevada and Western Utah are known principally from 

 the maps of Wheeler's survey. Beckwith,^ also gives some information 

 concerning this region. In the neighborhood of the Union Pacific Eail- 

 road, the maps of the "Survey of the Fortieth Parallel"^'' under Mr. 

 Clarence King have, so far as published, furnished valuable information. 



Information concerning the country of the Bighorn, Powder, and 

 Tongue Kivers is scanty. The only available source is the report of 

 Raynolds." 



The work of this survey in Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana ^^ fills out 

 a part of the mountain-region of these Territories. The Wind River 

 Mountains and the adjacent country are described in Jones's report.^' 

 The contours on the Snake River plateau are located from the work of 

 this Survey and from that of Fremont,^* Wallen,^^ and Lander.^^ In the 

 Main and Bitterroot ranges, the authorities are mainly Stevens" and 

 Mullan.^^ Harney's Lake and the northern part of the Great Basin are 

 known from Wallen.^^ The Blue Mountains of Oregon were traversed 

 by Fremont," Lander,^'' and Wallen.^^ The Cascade Mountains in Oregon 

 and Washington Territory are described by Williamson,^^ Stevens," and 

 the Northern Boundary Commission .^^ 



The sources mentioned above are those most fruitful in heights and 

 topographic descriptions. They are, however, but a tithe of the whole 

 number of expeditions which have traversed the West. Many important 

 reconnaissances have been omitted, as their results have been super- 

 seded by more accurate and detailed work. 



' Report upon the Colorado River of the West, explored in 1857 and 1858, by Lieut. 

 J. C. Ives. Thirty-sixth Congress, first session, Senate Executive Document. 



2 Pacific Railroad Report, vol. vii. 



3 Pacific Railroad Report, vols, iii and iv. 



■* Expedition to the Zuui and Colorado Rivers, by Capt. L. Sitgreaves. Thirty-secoad 

 Congress, second session, Senate Executive Docnment No. 59. 



3 Report of an Expedition into the Navajo Country, by Lieut. J. H. Simpson, 1849. 

 Thirty-first Congress, first session, Senate Executive Document No. 64. 



^ Report on United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, vol. i. 



^ Pacific Railroad Report, vol. v. 



* Report of Geological Survey of California. Geology. J. D. Whitney. 



'-' Pacific Railroad Reports, vol. ii. 



1° Geological Map. No. ii. 



11 Exploration of the Yellowstone River, by Brevet Brig. Gen. W. F. Raynolds, and 

 Geological Report, by Dr. F. V. Haydeu. Fortieth Congress, first session, Senate Exec- 

 lutive Document No. 77. 



1- United States Geological Survey of Montana and Adjacent Territories, 1871, Hayden. 

 United States Geological Survey of Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah, 1872, 

 Hayden. 



isNorth-vrestern Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park, 1S73, Capt. Wm. A.Jones. 



"Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the year 1842, and 

 to Oregon and North California in the years 1843-'44, by Brevet Capt. J. C. Fremont. 



1= Wagon Road Report, by Capt. H. D. Wallen. Thirty-sixth Congress, first session. 

 Senate Executive Document No. 34. 



IB Pacific Railroad Report, vol. ii. 



'"Pacific Railroad Report, vol. i, Supplement ; and vol. xii, part i. 



18 Military Road Report, Capt. John Mullan. 



19 Pacific Railroad Report, vol. vi. 



"'Paper by George Gibbs, Journal American Geographical Society, vol. iii. 



