OSTEOLOGY OF E. DOLLOVIANUS, COPE 



25 



Fig. 21. — Sacral vertebrae from below. 



Yj, natural size. 



lumbars, and are very short, but the distal ends are greatly 

 expanded for attachment to the ilium. The rib of the first 

 sacral extends out almost straight from the sides of the vertebra 

 but in the second and third the ribs are strongly inclined for- 

 ward ; this is in part due to crushing, but is largely natural, as 



the articular faces for 

 the proximal ends of 

 the ribs, especially 

 on the third sacral, 

 are inclined forward 

 quite sharply. The 

 sacral vertebrae meet 

 quite closely on the 

 median line below, 

 and there were no 

 intercentra present, but there was no co-ossification. The 

 spines are quite thin, noticeably more so than in the lumbars 

 and first caudals, but of considerable antero-posterior extent ; 

 they were possibly not so elevated as the adjacent spines. 



The first sacral is somewhat shorter than the others, and the 

 bottom line of all is somewhat concave and is devoid of a keel. 



Length along bottom line centrum of first sacral . . - 0.027 ™ 

 Length along bottom line centrum of second sacral - - 0.0325 

 Length along bottom line centrum of third sacral - - . 0.030 



The j^r^if caudal is 

 again short, 0.020 ™. 

 Along the bottom 

 line of the centrum 

 it is rather imperfect. 



The second caudal 

 (Fig. 22), is well 

 preserved. The rib is 

 short and rises much Fig. 22.— The second caudal vertebra, a, from the 

 as in the lumbar ver- side; b, from below. 



tebrse, from the neural arch and from a prominent process on 

 the side of the centrum. The capitular portion extends well 

 down the side of the anterior face. The process on the centrum 



