1 6 E. C. CASE 



the anterior, but this is not so pronounced as in the axis. The 

 lower half of the anterior face is a flat surface, to which is still 

 attached the intercentrum. This is crescentic in shape and 

 rather broad on the lower face. On either side there are two 

 prominent processes for the capitula of the ribs. Without the 

 intercentrum the profile of the anterior face would be very similar 

 to that of the axis. 



MEASUREMENTS OF THE THIRD CERVICAL. 



Length along bottom line of the centrum .... 0.038 "" 



Width posterior zygapophyses (somewhat crushed) - - 0.033 



Horizontal diameter of posterior face of centrum ... 0.028 



Vertical diameter same ....... 0.028 



Horizontal diameter anterior face .-.--. 0.024 



The fourth cervical is less well preserved than the third or 

 fifth, and presents no great difference from the third. The 

 transverse process is very wide, the width being due to a very 

 thin extension of the anterior edge ; this character persists 

 through the anterior dorsal vertebrae. The ridges supporting 

 the transverse process upon the centrum become very prominent 

 running to the anterior and posterior edges of the centrum ; 

 these, with the prominent keel on the lower line of the centrum, 

 form three very prominent ridges on the centrum about equally 

 distant from each other. As in the third, the base of the spine 

 is pinched by the deep fossae on each side of its base. 



MEASUREMENTS OF THE FOURTH CERVICAL. 



Length along the bottom line of the centrum ... 0.038"" 



Width of posterior zygapophyses -..-.. 0.032 



Horizontal diameter of anterior face of centrum - - - 0.024 



Vertical diameter same (including face for intercentrum) - - 0.028 



The fifth cervical (Fig. 13) differs from the preceding in the 

 greater relative width of the pre- and postzygapophyses. This 

 may be due in part to crushing of the preceding vertebrae, as 

 the fifth is almost free from distortion, though not entirely so. 

 The distal end of the transverse process is missing, but the whole 

 process was inclined somewhat more to the rear than in the 

 anterior cervicals. The ridge rising from the upper portion of 

 the centrum and supporting the lower edge of the process is still 



