236 REVIEWS 



The anthracite product was $112,504,020 — an increase of 31 per 

 cent, over that of the previous year. The average price at the mine 

 was $2.05 per long ton, Pennsylvania producing all of this, though true 

 anthracite has been produced for a number of years in Colorado and 

 New Mexico. 



The bituminous product was valued at $236,406,449. Of this the 

 Appalachian field produced 67 per cent.; the central field (Illinois, 

 Indiana, Kentucky), 16 per cent.; the western field (Iowa, Missouri, 

 Kansas), 9 per cent.; the Rocky Mountain field, 6 per cent.; the coast 

 field, I per cent.; and the Michigan field, ^ per cent. The average 

 price at the mine was $1.05. The report includes statistics of labor, 

 of accidents, and of the use of mining machinery, given by states. 



The product of coke, included under coal, was $44,445,923. It is 

 shown that by the beehive ovens now generally in use $18,000,000 

 worth of by-products, exclusive of gas, was wasted. Nor is this due to 

 a lack of demand for these products, for we are paying, principally to 

 Germany, $10,000,000 a year for these materials. 



Petroleum. — The production of crude petroleum for the year was 

 valued at $66,417,335 — the greatest in the history of the industry. 

 There was a very remarkable increase in the production of Texas and 

 California, a decrease in the Appalachian field, and a small gain in 

 the Lima-Indiana region. The exports of petroleum products were 

 the largest ever recorded, although there was a slight decrease in their 

 value. The development of new pools in Texas, California, and at 

 Boulder, Col., was attended by the organization of 1,478 companies 

 representing a capitalization of $663,283,000. Of these only 556 pro- 

 duced petroleum. Prices varied from $0.28 per barrel in Texas to $7 

 for the natural lubricating oil of Wyoming. The average price was 

 $0.96. From the results of analyses of the Beaumont petroleum the 

 opinion is that, though it is eminently fitted for a fuel, the present 

 known methods will fail to secure illuminating and lubricating deriva- 

 tives in sufficient quantity to justify its refinement. The wide distribu- 

 tion and great production of the Texas fields "seem to assure the 

 final result that Texas will in the course of time be at the head of the 

 list of oil-producing states in this countrv." 



New discoveries of oil in California are of far-reaching importance. 

 There practically all of the coal must be imported, coming largely from 

 British Columbia and Australia. This has prevented. San Francisco 

 from becoming a great manufacturing center, but this situation need 

 no longer exist, for sufficient oil at low prices is piped directly to the 



