464 MARIUS R. CAMPBELL 



shown in Fig. 2. It is composed of a number of distinct beds 

 separated by coal and shale intervals, but the sandstone greatly 

 predominates, and the series is essentially sandy from top to 

 bottom. It is well exposed on the south side of the river, and 

 the section was measured on the road which ascends the bluff 

 from the south end of the bridge. The upper limit is marked 

 by a bed of red shale, which is well shown in this region. Above 

 this horizon the material is generally shaly, and the few sand- 

 stone beds which appear are generally green, micaceous sands 

 which do not resemble the buff, coarse, sandy beds of the 

 Charleston formation. 



The rocks dip gently to the northwest, and the Charleston 

 sandstone is well exposed along Elk River, which follows the 

 strike of the beds to the northeast as far as Sutton in Braxton 

 county. Owing to the crooked course of the river and to the 

 slight undulations which affect the rocks, different parts of the for- 

 mation are exposed in the river bluffs at different points, but there 

 are only a few places where the base of the series is reached and 

 a complete section exposed. From Clendenin to Queen Shoal 

 the rocks rise steadily eastward up the river, so that a coal bed 

 which is near water level at the former place is by barometer 

 about, 170 feet above the river at the latter point. It is from 

 this coal bed that most of the fossils were obtained which Mr. 

 David White ^ has referred provisionally to the Kittanning hori- 

 zon. Although only a partial section of the Charleston sand- 

 stone was obtained at this point, it is introduced to show the 

 position of the coal bed relative to the great mass of sandstone 

 above and below, and to the black flint which is exposed at water 

 level at Queen Shoal. The coal agrees, as stated by Dr. I. C. 

 White, ^ with the North Coalburg horizon of the Kanawha valley. 



The base of the Charleston sandstone shows in most of the 

 stream valleys on the south side of Elk River, and the flint is 

 particularly well developed on Blue Creek, which is one of the 

 largest tributaries from this region. The third section, shown 

 in Fig. 2, was measured on this creek six or seven miles above 

 Elk River. Above the black flint occurs a mass of sandy beds 



' Op. cii., pp. 170-73. == Op. cit. 



