REVIEWS 505 



that by Dowling extends also into Athabasca. Tyrrell's report is based upon an 

 exploration in 1896 involving a trip of about 700 miles. Notes were made on topog- 

 raphy and agriculture as well as the several geological formations. The recent and 

 Pleistocene deposits are briefly treated under the topics : peat beds, shore lines, Pleis- 

 tocene clay, eskers, till, kettleholes. The strite of the Keewatin and the Labrador 

 ice-fields are discriminated. Those in the western part were made entirely by the 

 Keewatin, while those in the eastern part, with one or two exceptions, have been 

 made by the Labrador ice-field. How far east the Keewatin ice field extended was 

 not clearly worked out. 



Bowling's report covers an exploration in 1899 and later visits. The encroach- 

 ment of the Labrador ice-field on territory previously glaciated by the Keewatin is 

 mentioned (p. 12.) The relation of the two ice-fields to Lake Agassiz is also briefly 

 touched upon. The beaches in the northern part of the district belong to the later 

 ones of Lake Agassiz, and it is inferred that the ice-sheet still occupied that ground 

 while the earlier ones were forming. In the detailed discussion glacial and lacustral 

 deposits along Saskatchawan River are first discussed, then the features about Moose 

 and Cormorant Lakes and along Cowan River, and after this in turn the Menago, 

 Burntwood River, Athapapuscow Lake, Kississing River and Lake, and Churchill 

 River. The report is of especial interest because it extends into the territory near 

 the limits of Lake Agassiz, though it does not work out fully the relationship of the 

 lake beaches to moraines and other glacial features. 

 Upham, Warren, Torottio and Scarboro Drift Series. Am. Geol., Vol. 



XXVIII, pp. 306-16, 1901. 



The interglacial beds are interpreted to be part of a delta with a fan-like lake- 

 ward slope, which after being built up nearly 200 feet was deeply channeled by the 

 same streams which built them, the change from building to channeling being brought 

 about by the relief of the streams from much of their burden of silt. It is thought that 

 the ice was close at hand all the time, and that the whole interglacial and subse- 

 quent glacial history is comprised in a few hundred or possibly a thousand years. 

 (For a reply to this paper see Coleman, above.) 



Wilson, A. W. G. Physical Geology of Central Ontario. Trans. Can. Inst., 



Vol. VII, pp. 139-86, 1901. 



About half of this paper pertains to the older rock formations, but the latter half 

 discusses the present topographic features and Pleistocene geology of that part of the 

 province of Ontario lying north of Lake Ontario. The conclusion is reached that the 

 main topographic features are preglacial, and that the work of the ice-sheet is 

 restricted to the rounding off of pinnacles, small spurs, and outlying features. The 

 Ontario lowland is thought to owe its origin to normal weathering, and erosion rather 

 than glacial excavation. The main drainage, it is thought, may have led westward 

 through the Dundas valley toward the Mississippi in a direction opposite to that advo- 

 cated by Spencer (J. W.). Many of the tributary valleys are traceable, though greatly 

 obstructed and concealed by the glacial deposits. (Summary taken from review by 

 F. D. Adams in Geologisches Ceniralblad.) 

 Wilson, A. W. G. The Country West of Nipigon Lake and River. Geol. 



Surv. Canada, Summary Rept. for 1901, pp. 94-103, 1902. 



Seventeen small lakes and connecting streams were mapped and the rocks of the 

 country examined. Chief attention is given to the hard-rock geology, but glacial 



