REVIEWS 607 



Ridge, and later along its present course east of Benton Ridge. The paper also dis- 

 cusses the method by which smaller streams have been diverted or shifted from their 

 old courses. 



Todd, J. E. River Action Phenojnena. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am,, Vol. XII, pp. 



486-90, igoi. 



The phenomena discussed are mainly along the Missouri River. Attention is 

 first called to the deep scouring which occurs at flood stages of the river, a depth of 

 50 to 100 feet being frequently reached. Several corrollaries are to be drawn from 

 this fact: (i) that bed-rock 100 feet below present low water does not demonstrate a 

 buried channel ; there must be present some other deposit than river alluvium, such, 

 for example, as till ; (2) that estimates of discharge at flood stages should include this 

 deepening as well as the rise of the water ; (3) the transfer of sediment down the 

 valley should include the moving river bed as well as the material in suspension ; (4) 

 recent objects maybe deeply buried by river deposits. In this connection the reviewer 

 would call attention to deep scouring at St. Louis noted by Woodward, (C. M.) 

 in his treatise on the St. Louis bridge, published in 1881. Soundings off the east 

 abutment of the bridge made in 1876 showed a depth of nearly 100 feet of water 

 where there was but 15 to 20 feet when the abutment was constructed. Concerning 

 this Woodward remarks : " It is clear that either the mighty river had at one time its 

 normal bed on the rock or else it has in ages past, during its countless floods, again 

 and again scoured down to the rock itself." 



The second topic treated in this paper is that of mutual flood relief channels 

 formed just above the junction of two streams. They have been noted on many rivers. 



A third topic shows that a flooded stream has its velocity checked by overflowing 

 its flood plain, and as a result fine material is deposited. 



KANSAS. 



Chamberlin, T. C. The Geologic Relations of the Human Relics of Lansing, 

 Kansas. Journal of Geology, Vol. X, pp. 745-77, 1902. 



Holmes, W. H. Fossil Human Remains Found near Lansing, Kansas. Am, 

 Anth., N. S., Vol. IV, pp. 743-52, Pis. 31-32, 1902. 



Upham, Warren. Man in Kansas in the lowan Stage of the Glacial Period. 

 Science, Vol. XVI, p. 355, 1902. 



Man in the Ice Age at Lansing, Kansas, and Little Falls, Minnesota. 



Am. Geol. Vol. XXX, pp. 135-50, 1902. 



Primitive Man and His Stone Implements iti North Americati 



Loess. Am. Nat., Vol. XXIV, pp. 413-20, 1902. 



The Fossil Man of Laftsing, Kansas. Rec. of the Past, Vol. I, pp. 



272-75, 1902. 



Primitive Man in the Ice Age. Bibliotheca Sacra, Vol. LIX, pp. 



730-43, 1902. 



Williston, S. W. A Fossil Man from Kansas. Science, Vol, XVI, pp. 

 195-196, 1902. 



— An Arrowhead Found with Boties of Bison occidentalis Lucas in 



Western Kansas. Am. Geol., Vol. XXX, pp. 313-15, 1902. 



