774 A. C. VEATCH 



morainic drift in New Jersey. The deposition of the Pensauken 

 on Long Island indicates submergence of something over 300 

 feet. 



2. In the erosion interval which followed the land stood 

 higher than at present, the absence of Pensauken gravel in the 

 old western Long Island valley indicating that the elevation was 

 something over 250 feet above- the present sea level. 



3. Following this erosion, the Jameco gravels were laid down 

 in this old valley. These gravels are essentially continuous from 

 the New England islands through Long Island possibly to 

 eastern New Jersey. The ice seems to have about reached the 

 northern part of Long Island and the Jameco gravels to be an 

 outwash from the ice in this position. The very large bowlders 

 at Gardiners Island and at Gayhead indicate that the ice was 

 not far distant at these points. 



4. Regarding the relative position of the land during the 

 deposition of the following Sankaty beds we have evidence only 

 in western Long Island, the folding in the other islands prevent- 

 ing any conclusions. On Long Island the land stood 50 feet 

 higher than today, and these beds were laid down as marginal 

 coastal deposits about' the older island-like nucleus. The 

 climate, as indicated by the fossils, was not much different from 

 that existing now, and a long period of deglaciation seems indi- 

 cated. 



5. All the evidence which has thus far been collected regard- 

 ing the greatly contorted folds which involve all the beds 

 between and including the Cretaceous and Sankaty, points 

 strongly to a glacial origin. No evidence of the ice advance 

 besides the folding exists other than the glacial gravels which 

 occur associated with the fossil bed on Gardiners Island and 

 suggest an approach of the ice. The fact that no glacial deposits 

 have been recognized on the mainland which correspond in age 

 to this folding can hardly be regarded as proving that such an 

 advance did not occur. Other ice advances clearly shown on 

 the island have not been recognized on the mainland, the older 

 deposits apparently having become so involved in those of the 

 more recent advances as to make the exact time of their deposi- 



