LINNEAN TYPES OF PAL^ARCTIC RHOPALOCERA. 183 



The name syrinx was proposed by Borkhaiisen for an abnormal pair figured 

 by Esper, and the name hereci/ntJua of Poda is accompanied by such a vague 

 description that it is impossible to make out what species it is meant for ; so 

 that, according to my view, the best plan we can adopt is to dedicate tbis 

 species to the entomologist who discovered it, and name it esperi, taking his 

 figures as typical. 



The name cydippe can stand for the form of niohe with silver markings, 

 and the alteration suggested by Linnseus six years after naming it had better 

 be discarded to obviate confusion. 



Argynnis aglaja [1758]. A pale female example bears the Linnean label 



*Argy"Nnis lathonia [1758]. The type of Linnasus belongs to the small 

 and pale northern race. 



*Argynnis paphia [1758]. One male specimen from the Linnean collec- 

 tion is unmistakably of northern origin, as may be seen by the very prominent 

 bands and spots on the underside of the hind wings. 



*Melanargia galathea [1758]. The female labelled by Linnpeus is a 

 large example and belongs to the dark form of this species, contrasting 

 sharply with the smaller and much lighter British race, of which specimens 

 have been added by Smith. 



*Erebia ligea [1758]. Two specimens, a male and a female, are unmis- 

 takably Linnean, and obviously belong to the same race of the species, a 

 northern one, being smallish and rather dull in colour. The female bears the 

 name in Linnseus's handwriting. A third specimen, of the male sex, is 

 probably also Cinnean. 



*Satyrus hermione [1764]. The specimen which bears this name in 

 Linnseus's handwriting unmistakably belonged to his collection. It is a male 

 of the species generally known as alcyone, Schiff"., and all its distinctive 

 characters ai'e most prominently marked. It belongs to a Central-European 

 race, with the white band on the upperside of the fore wings rather con- 

 spicuous and containing two ocelli. Another specimen, which is certainly 

 also of Linnean origin, is a male of the species known as hermione and of a 

 Central-European race of small size, with rather inconspicuous white bands. 

 It is set so as to show the underside. 



If we refer to Linnasus's original description we find that, on the whole, it 

 is insufficient to enable us to make out which of these two species he meant 

 it for (and the figures he quotes as representing his hermione are very good 

 reproductions of jidia in one instance and of circe in the other !), but one 

 character he mentions is worthy of attention : he describes the band of the 

 underside of the fore wings as being tawny in colour ; as this is the very 



