184 DR. R. VERITY : REVISION OF THE 



character which, in a rough way, is the best to distinguish alcyone from 

 hermione, and as the individual labelled by Linnpeus possesses it to the- 

 very highest degree, there can be no doubt that that specimen actually 

 belongs to the species Linnfeus meant to describe. 



If this conclusion be accepted, it is clear that alcyone must become 

 synonymic of hermione, and that we must turn somewhere else to find the- 

 name to be adopted for the other closely allied species. It must be noted 

 that Scopoli in ' Entomologia CarnioUca ' had described a Satyrus of this 

 group a year before Linnpeus ; but unfortunately it is utterly impossible to^ 

 make out from his description which species it is, so that his noma fagi can 

 only be regarded as non-existing. We next come to Esper, and we find 

 that he clearly saw the differences between the two allied species and figured 

 them under the names of hermione major and hermione minor. The first must 

 evidently be adopted, although it unluckily is anything but highly recom- 

 mendable to stand as specific. 



Satyrus eidia [1767]. Linnpeus never possessed this species and never 

 seems to have realised that Petiver's figure in ' Gazophylacium,' 12, pi. 7.. 

 fig. 5, which he quotes under hermione, in reality represents this insect. 



Satyrus semele [1758]. Although not marked in Linnseus's copy of 

 Syst. Nat., there exists a female specimen from his collection ; it is of the 

 small northern race. 



*Satyrus brisp^is [1764]. One specimen unmistakably Linnean ; it is 

 obviously of German origin, and, in fact, that is the habitat given with the 

 original description. 



*Satyrus ph^dra [1764]. One Linnean male, evidently from the same- 

 locality as the last. 



*Epinephile jurtina [1758]. The specimen bearing the Linnean label 

 is a fine female of the North- African race, usually known under the name of 

 fortunata, Alph. 



As this name stands in Syst. Nat. before janira, Staudinger has done 

 well to point out that, according to the accepted rules, it has the right of 

 priority, but, now we know that the type is of African origin, we must 

 furthermore add that this race should be considered as nimotypical and 

 Alpheraky's name sunk in synonymy ; it must also be noted that Linnpeus 

 gives Africa as well as Europe as habitat of jurtina, showing he knew of 

 females from both localities. 



*EpmEPHiLE janira [1758] . The insect labelled by Linnpeus is a small male 

 of the preceding species with very inconspicuous apical ocellus and no trace 



