LINNEAN TYPES Or PAL^ARCTIO EtIOPALOCERA. 187 



*Zephyrus BETULiE [1758]. The example labelled by Linnoeus is a 

 female with a large orange patch on fore wings ; a male specimen is 

 unmistakably Linnean as well. 



*Zephyrus queecus [1758]. A male from the Linnean collection is 

 evidently of European origin. 



*Callophrys eubi [1758]. The one Linnean specimen is a female, unmis- 

 takably of the northern race, as may be seen by its small size, dark under- 

 side, and chiefly by the complete absence of any white streak. 



Thus the names of horealis, Krul., and polaris, Moschl., by which this race 

 had been distinguished, have no reason to exist ; and^ assuming it to be the 

 nimotypical one, it is the race commonly distributed in Central and part of 

 .Southern Europe which should be designated by a name : that of virgatus 

 seems to me appropriate for it. Its characters are intermediate between the 

 Linnean race and those of fervida, Stdgr., from the warmest portions of 

 the habitat of rubi. The names immaculata, Fuchs, and paudata, Tutt, are 

 useful to indicate its extreme- individual variations. 



*Chrysophanus VIEGAURE.E [1758]. Three Linnean examples, of which 

 ■one bears a label. They belong to a small and pale northern race, with 

 markings on the underside very reduced in size and number. 



The habitat given by Linna3us being Westmania, there is little doubt that 

 these specimens are from that locality. As in the case of the European 

 Paniassii, &c., it will probably be found convenient to separate from this 

 distinct northern race that of the mountains of Central Europe, always dis- 

 tinguishable by its larger size, much brighter colouring, and more prominent 

 markings of underside ; the male on upperside has a richer redder tone than 

 is ever the case in Scandinavia. I propose for it the name of inalpinus. I 

 think the name of oranula, given by Freyer to the extreme northern form 

 from Lapland, can be preserved, as that race is not identical with the nimo- 

 typical one^ being still smaller and paler. The race which stands further- 

 most from the latter is, to my knowledge, the large and l)oldly marked 

 virgaurece of the Maritime Alps in Piedmont (Valdieri, 1400 m.) ; so it 

 might be taken as typical of inalpinus. 



*Cheysophanus hippothoe [1761]. The two Linnean specimens in 

 existence are males of the species which is generally known under this name. 

 They evidently belong to a northern race and are presumably Scandinavian, 

 as Linnseus describes this species in ' Fauna Suecica.-' They present characters 

 intermediate between those of the form which is generally considered as 

 nimotypical and the characters of the Alpine form euryhia, Ochs., agreeing 

 with the latter by their small size, dull colouring, and diflused black shadings, 



