EXPERIMENTS UPON ACRiEA ENCEDON. 395 



The relative proportion o£ males and females suggests the prevalence o£ 

 all-female families, especially in Nigeria. The figures from Old Calabar, 

 included in the Nigerian totals from the British Museum (I.), are remark- 

 able : — 1<S ? infuscata, 1 ? commixta, 14 $ lycia. 



The two lists confirm Eltringham^s conclusions as to the West African 

 forms quoted on p. 392. The second list also shows the excessive rarity 

 of daira, the predominance of li/cia, and, next to it, infuscata and infuscata- 

 encedon, followed by commixta. The t^yo lists together show that alcippina 

 is rare except in Sierra Leone. ^ 



The nearest approach to the proportion of the encedon forms on the West 

 coast, S. of Sierra Leone, is to be found in Madagascar, where the pale form 

 sganzini is predominant like the still paler lycia, and a dark dull form of 

 encedon represents infuscata. The Madagascan sganzini are transitional into 

 a cream-coloured lycia. I have not seen any form from Madagascar except 

 those above-named and intermediates between them. 



Li the Hope Department there are 15 J ^iid 3 $ of sganzini (1 c^ might 

 be called a cream-coloured lycia), and 6 (^ 1 ? of encedon-infiiscata (1 $ 

 showing transition towards sganzini) ; in the Tring Museum 9 S and 1 ? 

 of sganzini ; in the British Museum 4 c? and 1 '^ of sganzini ; in the Luxem- 

 bourg Museum 1 S and 1 $ of sganzini and 1 ^ transitional between 

 sganzini and infuscata. 



On the opposite East coast of the continent the pale forms are chiefly 

 sganzini, like Madagascar, but their proportion is very different, being much 

 less than that of encedon. Thus there are 15 encedon and 4 sganzini from 

 Natal in the Hope Department. The lycia of the West is replaced by the 

 yellower sganzini, somewhere about the Rift Valley, in British East Africa. 



The much larger amount of material now available supports the conclu- 

 sions, arrived at in 1907 (p. 392), as to the geographical relationship between 

 certain forms of encedon and those of D. chrysippiis. The form daira is 

 common where dorippus is common, and becomes rare where dorippus is rare 

 or wanting : the typical, brightly coloured encedon is predominant where the 

 type form of clirysippus prevails : the only locality where alcippina is 

 abundant is part of the area over which alcippus displaces every other form 

 of B. clirysippus. Mimicry occurs in both sexes, although the female, 

 at least in the encedon form, is a better mimic than the male, partly on 

 account of its larger size but also because of the whiter subapical bar to the 

 fore wing. 



Tlie Forms of Acrsea encedon in the Locality of the 

 Breeding Experiments. 



The following specimens, captured by Mr. W. A. Lamborn in i\\Q Oni 

 district, about 70 miles east of Lagos, are included in the Table on p. 394. 

 From Oni : 1 c^ 2 ? lycia, 1 ? infuscata ; from Idakun, 4 miles N.W. of Oni: 

 4 S infuscata, 1 c? 1 ? commixta, 1 c? 1 ? /^««- To these must be added 



