128 



Table 4: Types of development of sea stars. 



Species 



Type of Development Source 



Astropecten auranciacus 

 A. irregularis 

 A. latespinosus 

 A. polyacanthus 

 A. scoparius 

 A. velitaris 

 Ctenopleura fisheri 

 Psilaster andromeda 

 Ctenodiscus australis 

 Leptychaster almus 

 Luidia ciliaris 

 L. clathrata 

 L. foliolata 

 L. sarsi 



Luidia savignyi 

 Lysasterias belgicae 

 Trophodiscus almus 

 T. uber 



ORDER PAXILLOSIDA 



Planktotrophic larva 



Same 



Lecithotrophic larva 



Planktotrophic larva 



Same 



Same 



lecithotrophic larva 



Same 



Brooding 



Brooding 



Same 



Same 



Planktotrophic larva 



Same 



Same 



Brooding 



Brooding 



Same 



ORDER VALVATIDA 



Horstadius, 1925 



Newth, 1925 



Komatsu, 1975 



Mortensen, 1937 



Oguro et al., 1976 



Mortensen, 1937 



Komatsu, 1982* 



D'yakonov, 1950 



Lieberkind, 1928 



Fisher, 1917 



Tattersall and Sheppard, 1934 



Dehn, 1979 



Strathmann. 1971 



Tattersall and Sheppard, 1934 



Mortensen, 1938 



Ludwig, 1903 



D'yakonov, 1950 



D'yakonov, 1950 



Mediaster aequalis 



Pentaceraster mammillatus 



Porania pulvillus 



Acanthaster brevispinus 



A. planci 



Aster ina bather i 



A. calcar 



A. corona ta japonica 



A. exigua 



A. gibbosa 



A. minor 



Echinaster purpureus 



E. sentus 



E. sepositus 



Fromia ghardaquana 



Linckia multifora 



Ophidiaster guildingii 



Patiria miniata 



P. pectinifera 



Patiriella obscura 



P. pseudoexigua 



P. regularis 



P. vivipara 



Gymnasteria carinifera 



Lecithotrophic larva 

 Planktotrophic larva 



Same 

 Planktotrophic larva 



Same 

 Pecithotrophic larva 



Same 



Same 



Same 

 Lecithotrophic larva 



Same 



Same 



Same 



Same 



Same 

 Planktotrophic larva 

 Planktotrophic larva 

 Planktotrophic larva 



Same 

 Lecithotrophic larva 



Same 

 Planktotrophic larva 



Brooding 

 Planktotrophic larva 



Birkeland et al., 1971 



Mortensen, 1937 



Gemmill, 1915 



Lucas amd Jones, 1978 



Henderson and Lucas, 1971 



Kano and Komatsu, 1978 



Lawson-Kerr and Anderson, 1978 



Komatsu 1975 



Lawson-Kerr and Anderson, 1978 



Ludwig, 1882 



Komatsu et al. 1 978 



Mortensen, 1938 



Siddall, 1979 



Nachtsheim, 1914 



Mortensen, 1938 



Mortensen, 1938 



Mortensen, 1921 



Heath, 1917 



Kasyanov, 1977 



Dartnall, 1971 



Lawson-Kerr and Anderson, 1978 



Lawson-Kerr and Anderson, 1978 



Dartnall, 1971 



Mortensen, 1921 



