329 



Fig. 133. Hyperia spinigera Bovallius, male 

 (Us — after Shoemaker, 195a; rest — after Bowman, 1973). 



on the basis of structure of uropods III. However, following Norman 

 (1900), who had erroneously related his studied specimen of H. galba to 

 H. spinigera, many authors considered these species synonymous. Bow- 

 man, who examined the specimens of H. spinigera of a number of earlier 

 authors, showed that in some cases the identifications were not credible 

 and that H. spinigera is clearly distinguished from H. galba. On the other 

 hand, the identity of H. spinigera and H. antarctica has also been argued 

 (Thurston, 1977). 



Distribution: A widely distributed, mainly moderately cold-water 

 species. It is known from the northern (Iceland, southern Greenland, 

 Newfoundland), tropical (Bermuda Islands, Antilles, Gulf of Guinea), 

 and southern (up to 50° S) Atlantic; Indian oceanic coastal regions of 

 south Africa; Indian oceanic sector of the Antarctic; and northern (Bering 

 Sea, Gulf of Alaska, coastal regions of California) and southern (South 

 Island New Zealand) part of the Pacific Ocean. 



It is found at depths from 25 to 2,000 m. In the North Atlantic it is 

 most abundant in the 600-900 m layer where most populations of the host 

 jellyfish Periphylla periphylla concentrate (Thurston, 1977). It accom- 

 plishes vertical migrations of very small intensity, probably together with 

 the host jellyfish. 



