429 



Distribution: Tropical regions of the World Ocean and the Mediter- 

 ranean Sea. For high latitudes only one report is known, from 63° S, 

 82° E (Mogk, 1927), which evidently could be explained as a casual 

 ingress with warm current flows. 



XIV. Family PHROSINIDAE Dana, 1853 



Small-sized crustaceans (10-30 mm) with a rounded somewhat bulged 

 head, almost entirely occupied by the eyes, a flattened compact body, 

 thick integument, strong, prehensile extremities, and a characteristic "tail 

 fan" formed by the flattened and strongly broadened basipodites of the 

 uropods, which are devoid of rami. 



The height of the head is more than its length; the rostrum is very 

 short or absent. The antennae are attached to the frontal part of the head; 

 antennae I in females are reduced to a peduncle and a one-segmented 

 flagellum; in males the flagellum is multisegmented. Antennae II are 

 absent in females or rudimentary; in males they have a long multiseg- 

 mented flagellum. Maxillae I lack an inner lobe; maxillae II are bilobate. 

 The mandibles in females lack a palp. The maxillipeds have thin acute 

 outer lobes and a high medial lobe. 



The somites of the pereon are free or the first two somites fused. The 

 coxal plates are separated from the somites of the pereon. Pereopods I-II 

 are simple, pereopods III-VI or only pereopods Y have a strong den- 

 ticulate subchela. The basal segments of pereopods V-VII are strongly 

 broadened. The distal part of pereopods VII is sometimes reduced. The 

 gills are located on somites II- VI of the pereon and the oostegites on 

 somites II-V. The pleon is massive and with relatively weak pleopods. 

 The uropods are flattened leaflike, without rami, and could serve as effec- 

 tive locomotory organs in a water column. The telson is not longer than 

 half the length of uropods III. 



The family includes three genera. 



KEY TO GENERA OF FAMILY PHROSINIDAE 

 (after Bowman and Gruner, 1973) 



1 . Pereon somites I and II separate. Pereopods III-IV simple 



3. Primno Guerin-Men. 



— Pereon somites I and II fused. Pereopods III-IV with subchela — 2. 

 349 2. Head with short, pointed, two-tipped rostrum. Pereopods VII with 



broadened 2nd and sometimes rudimentary 3rd segment 



1 . Phrosina Risso. 



— Head roundish, without rostrum. Pereopods VII with all segments . . 

 2. Anchylomera M.-Edw. 



