485 



large, and its entire surface occupied by the eyes. In antennae I the 

 basal segment is broad and bulging in males but narrow and linear in 

 females. Antennae II in males are well developed, long and thin and 

 folded zigzag four times. The mandibles in females have a two-, in 

 males a three-segmented palp. The maxillae are relatively poorly devel- 

 oped. Pereopods I and II are simple with notably broadened basal seg- 

 ments. The 2nd segment of pereopods V and VI is broadened but not 

 operculiform, shorter than the distal segments and articulated terminally. 

 Pereopods VII have a broadened 2nd segment and five distal segments. 



The endopodites of the uropods are not fused with the basipodites 

 nor the telson with the last urosomite. 



Bovallius (1887a) included the genera Tryphana, Brachyscelus 

 (Thamyris), Euthamneus (Thamneus), Lycaea, Pamlycaea, Pseudoly- 

 caea, and Simorhynchotus (Simorhynchus) in the family Tryphanidae. 

 Later, the genera Lycaea and Pseudolycaea were placed by him in the 

 family Lycaeidae, Euthemneus and Brachyscelus in the family Eutham- 

 neidae, Paralycaea transferred to the family Pronoidae, Simorhyncho- 

 tus to the family Oxycephalidae, and Tryphana and Lycaeopsis (Phor- 

 corrhaphis) to the family Lycaeopsidae. Chevreux and Page (1925), 

 Stephenson (1925a), and Hurley (1955) included the genus Tryphana 

 in the family Lycaeidae together with genera Lycaea and Pseudolycaea. 

 Bowman and Gruner (1973) also included the genus Tryphana in the 

 family Lycaeidae. 



Inclusion of the genus Tryphana in these different families is artifi- 

 cial to a considerable extent since its only representative, T malmi, on 

 the one hand has certain features of similarity with representatives of 

 each family, and on the other differs substantially from them in several 

 structural features of the extremities and other body parts. For example, 

 pereopods I, the uropods, and the telson are almost identical in structure 

 to Pronoe, pereopods V and VI to Lycaea, and the flagellum of anten- 

 nae II of males to Brachyscelus. At the same time, in structure of anten- 

 nae I and the peduncle of antennae II in males, and structure of the distal 

 segments of pereopods II, Tryphana differs from the related families and 

 cannot be included with adequate reliability in any of them. Hence we 

 consider it expedient to separate an independent family, Tryphanidae, to 

 include the lone genus Tryphana. 



1. Genus Tryphana Boeck, 1870 



Boeck, 1870: 9; Stebbing, 1888: 1538; Stephensen, 1923: 36; Bowman 

 and Gruner, 1973: 48. 



The head is higher than the pereon. The flagellum of antennae I in 

 females is two-segmented, in males three-segmented. Antennae II are 



