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land, and Hans Egede, the first missionary among the Greenland 

 Eskimos, has indicated on his map two churches on the 

 east coast. If there existed any settlement here at Egede's 

 time or not, we do not know. Egede never visited this part of 

 Greenland. He, as well as his son Paul, spent most of his life 

 to an old age among the western Eskimos. One expedition 

 was made some years ago by the Danes and Norwegians along 

 the eastern coast to the part where these old colonies were sup- 

 posed to have been, but no traces of them were found. At 

 present all the Danish colonies are on the western coast. The 

 most northern one with regular communications, Upernavik, 

 is situated near the 73° parallel, although there is a trading post 

 at Tasinsak about one degree further north. The most northern 

 Eskimo settlement is at Etah near 78° latitude. 



The permanent inland ice reaches nearly to the coast and it 

 is only a small strip of the mainland and the islands which become 

 uncovered in the short summer, and it is only where glaciation 

 or erosion has ground the rocks into gravel, sand, or dust, that 

 there is any vegetation at all. 



EUesmere Land is an island situated west of North Greenland, 

 and separated from it by Smith Sound, Kennedy Channel, and 

 Robeson Channel. Kane Basin and Hall Basin are wider parts 

 between the three channels. EUesmere Land is situated between 

 latitudes 76° and 83°. As several deep bays cut into this island 

 both on the east and the west side, different portions of the same 

 have received different names. The southeastern portion, the 

 one first discovered, received the name EUesmere Land, the 

 middle portion Grinnell Land, and the northern portion Grant 

 Land. The southern coast has been known as North Lincoln 

 and the southwest end King Oscar Land. As EUesmere Land 

 was the first name applied to any portion of it by Europeans, 

 it has been adopted for the whole island by the Canadian govern- 

 ment. The oldest name is probably "Umingma nuna," the 

 land of the muskoxen, as the Eskimos call it. 



EUesmere Land is not so high as Greenland, the highest 

 point only a couple of thousand feet. There is no continuous 

 inland ice as in Greenland, although smaller ice fields, snow- 



