178 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [Angust, 1905, 
whole body of Satras, there is nothing which corresponds to the 
“Nine Reasons”? and “Fourteen Fallacies,’ which, we know 
from Chinese sources, and which even Din-naga is said to have 
attributed to Soc-mock. An examination of the “ Nine Reasons” 
reveals the fact, that it is historically prior to the invention of 
syllogism. It means an effort of the human mind to exhaust 
all possible forms of the relation between, what is now called the 
Major Term and the Middle Term of a syllogism. And such 
an examination must precede the formulation of syllogism. In 
what light the later —_ ave seen this examination, and 
what gy may awn from it, need not trouble us 
here. Su t for a iistorial student to know, that this early 
effort is satiate to Soe-mock, universally known as the first 
writer on Nydya. The theory ‘of “Fourteen Fallacies” too, in 
their crude and undeveloped oars shows signs of greater 
antiquity than the Nyaya Sitra 
These two theories of Aesesans seem to have been the com- 
on property of Indian pandits before Buddha’s time, as Buddha 
dia not scruple to take advantage of ene 
“Nyaya Sitras,” as we have them, seems to be a much 
later production, Haribhadra, a Jain gee el of the 6th Canty 
A.D., says that it is a sectarian work ; that the sect, which either 
composed it or adhered to it, was a Saiva sect. Now a Saiva or 
Mahesvar sect existed long before rene Soc-mock and the 
Nag 5 ju a and Maitreya wrote 
when, nobody can say. 
both the Siitra and Bha 
Mahayana School, i.e., both came after Nagarjuna and Ary: adeva, 
say in the 2nd ‘Dense A.D. The Bhasyakara, Vatsyayan® 
though he does not even mention the Buddhists or even any Bud- 
pointedly refutes all the Mahayanists doctrines of 
