136 PEOF. OWEN ON NEW AND EAEE CEPHALOPODA. 



The outer lip in Sepia palmata is attached to the velum at the interspaces of the 

 arms. From that between the first pair a fold extends and expands u])on the inner 

 border of this circular lip, and develops therefrom a short tentacle, of a bright red 

 colour in the recent Cuttle. A similar fold and process extend from the interspace 

 between the second and third arms, and from the sheath of the tentacle between the 

 third and fourth arms. A pair of similar folds of smaller size and developing shorter 

 pointed processes, are continued upon the outer lip from the interspace between the fourth 

 pair of arms. The fold of the outer lip developing the pink processes may be regarded 

 as a middle lip. The inner circular lip immediately surrounding the mandible has 

 a fringed external border. The above characters are shown in Plate XXV. fig. 1. 



The head of Sepia palmata has the usual proportions of the genus, broader than 

 long, but here in breadth not quite equalling that of the pallial aperture ; it contracts 

 to a kind of neck behind the eyes. These (PI. XXIV.) are more dorsal in position than 

 in Octopods, are not visible on the ventral surface (PI. XXV.), on which the Cuttle 

 rests and lurks in wait for its prey. The cephalic integument is continued over the 

 eye-ball, but becomes transparent opposite the iris, the curtain of which (PI. XXIV. i) 

 is visible and notable in the present as in other Sepice. There is a slight fold indicative 

 of a lower lid, k ; the upper one bears posteriorly three caruncles regularly disposed. 

 Anteriorly is the small orifice of the lacrymal sac. 



The dorsal part of the head, between the orbits, shows a depression lodging the 

 anterior production, m, of the mid part of the dorsal border of the pallial aperture: 

 into this j)roduction enters the fore part of the "sepium" (Plates XXIV. «& XXV. 

 fig. 2). A corresponding depression on the ventral side of the head, between the 

 tentacular sacs, lodges the funnel (PI. XXV. fig. 1, n). 



The fins, o, o', produced from the entire side-border of the mantle or body-wall, nearer 

 the dorsal than the ventral surface, extend forward in an unusual degree ; and continuing 

 backward, they round the hinder end of the body, meet, coalesce, and extend beyond 

 that part, o'. 



The superior degree of development of these forward-propelling instruments may be 

 correlated with the superaddition of the backwardly propelling webs, a, a, in the 

 present doubtless very active Cuttle. In connexion with the characteristic hinder pro- 

 duction of the fins may be noted the absence of the " mucro " or pointed terminal apex 

 of the " guard " of the reduced and modified belemnitic shell, which mucro usually 

 projects, in other species of Sepia, from the notch left at the posterior interval of the there 

 separated lateral fins. 



Besides the absence of the mucro, the " sepium " of S. palmata differs from that of 



S. officinalis and most other Cuttles in tapering more gradually to the hind end, in the 



greater proportion of the sheath to the phragmocone, and in the lateral margins of the 



sheath being well definable, and extending beyond the lamellate mass from end to end. 



The dorsal surface of this mass or " phragmocone" has a subtrilobate form (PI. XXIV. 



