92 



H. nemoraUs. p. 164. „The two mucous glands (fig. i) spring from the vagina close to its 

 junction with the dart-sac, each generally dividing rather low down into two or more branches. The 

 total number of coeca — in both groups together — is usually 5 or 6, sometimes 4 or 7, more rarely 

 so few as three, or so many as nine. I have found the most common arrangement to be as represented 

 in fig. I two branches to one gland and three to the other. Each coecum is slender and nearly C3dindrical, 

 white, or with a tinge of pink. It will be necessary to revert to these particulars when we come to H. 

 hortensis." 



AsHFORD hält mit anderen Autoren die Form des Pf eil es für entscheidend, wenn es sich 

 in zweifelhaften Fällen darum handelt, festzustellen, ob ein Tier zu H. nemoralis oder hortensis 



gehört. 



„But what if the dart be not forthcoming? We must fall back upon the mucous glands. And, 

 variable as these organs confessedly are, we may in some cases arrive at a reliable decision, if we 

 regard their total aspect — the resultant, so to say, of their length, mode of ramification, number of 

 branches, form, colour, and texture." 



„I received through the kindness of Mr. W. Jeffery of Chichester, a batch of very suspicious 

 looking Shells — large, yellow, bandless, darkmouthed, with coloured inner lip. The darts proved them to 

 be a variety of R. hortensis, and the mucous glands were in accord." 



„Shells with various shades of Up are rather common round Christchiu-ch, and I have carefully 

 examined about 150. Many of them could scarcely be called doubtful, even at first sight. Moreover 

 they were taken from the hortensis colony where H. nemoralis in its typical form does not occur. I. was 

 not siuT)rised therefore to find every case — where the test of dart-form was available — referable tp the 

 present species. The following tabular Statement, arrived at from an average of fifty members of each 

 kind, shows how far the mucous glands of the variety just referred to (var. hybrida of authors) afforded 

 indication of affinity to hortensis in regard to the two more variable items of length of gland and 

 member of branches : 



H. nemoralis length 16,4 mm, total No. of branches 5,49 

 H. hortensis „ 21,0 „ „ „ „ „ 8,4 



Variety „ 21,9 „ ,, „ „ „ 8,7." 



Die AsHFORDSchen Abbildungen habe ich auf Taf. II, Fig. 10, 11, 21 und 22 dem Leser 

 in Kopien zugänglich gemacht. 



Beschreibungen und Abbildungen sind durchaus zutreffend. 



Im Jahre 1891 soll Brancsik den Genitalapparat von H. hortensis beschrieben und abge- 

 bildet haben. Der betreffende Band der Zeitschrift ist mir nicht zugänglich. Wenn die Ab- 

 bildung nicht besser ist als jene prähistorisch-primitiven Figuren, die ich im Jahrgang XIV — XV 

 derselben Zeitschrift von demselben Verfasser vom Geschlechtsapparat anderer Helices gesehen, 

 so ist sie gänzlich wertlos. 



Im Jahre 1892 hebt H. v. Jhering zum erstenmal in prägnanter Weise die anatomische 

 Zusammengehörigkeit der Arten der Töc/zea-Gruppe hervor, ohne Beschreibungen von T. hortensis 

 und nemoralis zu geben. 



Die Angaben von Otto Schuberth (1892) über den Genitalapparat unserer beiden 

 Formen sind belanglos. Keine Abbildungen! 



Von den 2 Glandulae mucosae von H. nemoralis sagt Pilsbry (1894): 



„Mucous glands two, inserted on opposite sides of vagina immediately above dart sack, each sub- 

 divided into several long slender cylindrical finger-like caeca." 



Ueber den Unterschied in den Glandulae mucosae zwischen hortensis und nemoralis schreibt 

 mir Hesse: 



