GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF THE CANAL ZONE. 119 



The fossils which are identified as above are rather well preserved 

 and their determination is easy. The pores of the hydrostatic zocecia 

 are not radicular. We are ignorant as to why Norman, who is a 

 great lover of archaic names, has not preserved the name of Def ranee. 

 The figures published by this author and by d'Orbigny are excellent 

 and leave no doubt as to the identity of the two species. 



Occurrence. — Miocene. Banana River, Costa Rica. D. F. Mac- 

 Donald, collector, 1911. Bowden marl, Bow T den, Jamaica. 



This species is almost always associated with C . canariensis Busk. 

 Like the latter, it commences in the Alum Bluff formation and con- 

 tinues in the higher Miocene and Pliocene deposits of the United 

 States. 



Geological distribution-. — Aquitanian of Italy (Seguenza, Nevi- 

 ani), of Bordeaux (Canu). Burdigalian of Italy (Seguenza, Canu), 

 of Bordeaux (Canu). Helvetian of Italy (Seguenza), of Touraine 

 (Canu), of Bordeaux (Canu), of Maryland (Ulrich), of Egypt 

 (Canu). Tortonian of Provence (Canu), of Italy (Seguenza). 

 Plaisancian of England (Busk), of Italy (Manzoni). Astian of 

 Italy (Neviani, Canu), of Provence (Canu). Sicilian of Italy 

 (Neviani). Quaternary of Italy (Seguenza), of England (Canu). 



Habitat. — Mediterranean. Atlantic to the Canary Islands, and 

 Florida. It is common in the Gulf of Gascony in the Miocene; it 

 has now disappeared from it. 



It has been dredged at a depth of 11 to 48 meters in America and 

 from 81 to 113 meters in Madeira. 



CUPULARIA CANARIENSIS Busk. 



Plate 53, figs. 5-7. 



1908. Cupularia canariensis Canu, Iconographie des Bryozoaires fossiles 

 de l'Argentine, Anales del Musee Nacional de Buenos Aires, vol. 17 

 (ser. 3, vol. 10). pt. 1. p. 275, pi. 5, figs. 8, 9, 10. (See for complete 

 bibliography. ) 



1909. Cupularia guineensis Norman, The Polyzoa of Madeira and neighbor- 

 ing islands, Linnean Society's Journal, Zool., vol. 30 (July), p. 289, 

 pi. 37, figs. 2-6. 



1914. Cupularia guineensis Osbtjrn, The Bryozoa of the Tortugas Islands, 

 Florida, Publication No. 182, of the Carnegie Institute of Washington, 

 p. 194. 



The beautiful figure published by Busk in 1859, has led all paleon- 

 tologists to use the specific term canariensis, especially since the same 

 author distinguished this species from Cupularia guineensis Busk, 

 1854. For a half century, it was therefore employed by Busk, Waters, 

 Manzoni, Van den Brock, Neviani, Seguenza, De Angelis, and Canu. 



Now it appears established that Busk's two species are identical 

 (Norman, Osburn). We do not believe it necessary to change the 



