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Part II. — On the Morphology and Phylogeny of the Palasognathse (Ratitse and Crypturi) 

 and Neognathas (Carina tse). By W. P. Ptcraft. 



Table op Contents. 



Pterylosis Page 



Of Adult 151 



„ Embryo and Nestling 159 



Structure of Feathers 162 



The Neossoptiles 162 



Adult and Nestling Eemiges of Casuarius . 165 



Teleoptiles 166 



Summary of Pterylological Characters .... 168 



Osteology. 



Skull of Adult 171 



„ Nestling 195 



Some points of significance in the Struthious 



Palate 206 



Vertebral Column 208 



Ribs 215 



Sternum and Pectoral Arch 216 



Pelvic Arch 225 



Pectoral Limb 233 



Pelvic Limb 235 



Myology. 



Skin-muscles 238 



Muscles of Wing and Shoulder-girdle .... 238 



Thigh- and Leg-muscles 242 



Nervous System and Sensory Organs. Page 



Brain 247 



Eye 247 



Jacobson's cartilages 247 



Alimentary Canal and Appendages. 



Buccal cavity 248 



Intestinal convolutions 248 



Liver and Gall-bladder 251 



Resjdratory Organs. 



Lungs 252 



Air-sacs 252 



Windpipe 254 



Choanse 256 



Circulatory System. 



Heart 256 



Carotids 257 



Cloaca, Bursa Fabricii, and Urino -genital 

 System. 



Cloaca 257 



Bursa 258 



Copulatory Organ 259 



Development 259 



Phylogeny of the Palceognathce 259 



Summary 266 



Keys to Genera and Species 267 



Introductory. 



The present investigation was undertaken at the request and with the co-operation 

 of the Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P., who has furthermore furnished the bulk of the 

 material, and in numerous other ways greatly aided my work. The collection of 

 skeletons in the British Museum of Natural History has proved a source of great 

 wealth. I am besides indebted to Mr. Beddard, Dr. Gadow, Dr. Forsyth Major, and 

 Prof. Howes for the loan of specimens in their possession or charge, and I take this 

 opportunity of recording my thanks. 



The object of this investigation has been to ascertain, as far so possible, the rela- 

 tions of the Casuariidce to the remaining " Struthious " forms, and the position of these 



vol. xv. — part v. No. 6. — December, 1900. z 



