PHYLOGENY OF THE PAL.EOGNATELE AND NEOGNATILE. 279 



Toes two in number ; tarso-metatarsus far exceeding the femur in length. 



d. Ectocnemial crest small, a mere tubercle on procnemial ; fibula extending 



to level of proximal tarsal mass ; extensor groove obsolete ; a deep ento- 



condylar pit continued backwards into a groove ; the lateral ventral 



border of ento- and ecto-condyles continued backward and upward to 



project spur-wise from the shaft Strut/do. 



Toes four ; tarso-metatarsus short. 

 d! . Extensor bridge wanting. 



c". Femur long and slender ; tibio-tarsus with a deep intercondylar gorge ; 

 entocondyle very large, projecting conspicuously in front of shaft in 

 lateral view ; none of the phalanges conspicuously shortened . . . Apteryx. 

 d". Femur very short and thick, with enormous great trochanter; tibio- 

 tarsus without intercondylar gorge, ento- and ecto-condyles not being 

 clearly distinguishable : Ph. 2. D. I. short ; Ph. 2, 3, 4. D. IV. short . Mpyornis. 

 e 1 . Extensor bridge present ; femur short ; ento-condyle of tibio-tarsus large, 



resembling that of Apteryx Dinornithidat. 



List of Works referred to or consulted. 



i. Alix, P. H. E.— Syrinx of Rhea. Bull. Soc. Philomat. 1874, p. 38. 



2. Allis, T. — On the Skeleton of the Apteryx. Jouru. Liun. Soc, Zool. xi. 1873, p. 523. 



3. Andrews, C. W. — Note on a complete Skeleton of Mpyornis from Madagascar. Geol. Mag. 



vol. iv. 1897, p. 241. 



4. Andrews, C. W. — On the Skull, Steruum, and Shoulder-girdle of Mpyornis. Ibis, 1896, 



p. 376. 



5. Beddard, F. E. — On the Heart of Apteryx. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1885, p. 188. 



6. Beddard, F. E. — On the Alimentary Canal of the Martineta Tinamou. Ibis, 1890, vol. iii. 



pp. 61-66. 



7. Beddard, F. E. — The Structure and Classification of Birds. 1898. 



8. Beddard, F. E. — Notes on the Anatomy of the Genus Apteryx. Novitates Zoologicse, 



vol. vi. 1899, pp. 386-402. 



9. Beddard, F. E. and Mitchell, P. C. — On the Structure of the Heart of the Alligator. Proc. 



Zool. Soc. 1895, pp. 343-349. 



10. B lumen bach, J. F. — Abbildung. naturhistor. vol. viii. 



11. Boecking, A. — I)e Rhea americana. Diss. Inaug. Bonn, 1863. 



12. Burckhardt, R. — Ueber Mpyornis. Palaeontol. Abhandl. neue Folge, Bd. ii. Heft 2 (Jena, 



1893). 



13. Cunningham, R. O. — Notes on some Points in the Osteology of Rhea americana and Rhea 



darwini. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 105. 



2 Q2 



