CONTENTS 



Page 



I INTRODUCTION 13 



II LITERATURE REVIEW 13 



III STUDY AREA 14 



1. Modern History of Padre Island 16 



2. Geological Processes of Padre Island 17 



3. Hurricanes and Storm Surges 23 



4. Natural Barrier Island System 24 



5. Climate 27 



6. Soil 32 



7. Vegetation 32 



IV METHODS: EXPERIMENTAL PLOTS 45 



V EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 51 



1. Selection of Species 51 



2. Methods of Propagation 70 



3. Factors Affecting Transplant Survival 76 



4. Planting Procedures 114 



5. Postplanting Care 130 



6. Long-Term Considerations 145 



VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 170 



1. Best Adapted Species 170 



2. Seeding 170 



3. Mixed Planting 170 



4. Sand-Trapping Capability ' 170 



5. Hurricane Washover Channels 170 



6. Fence-Built Dunes 171 



7. Planting Density 171 



8. Planting Width 171 



9. Nursery 171 



10. Transplant Survival 171 



