MFE-IIISTORY OF PSYCHE ZERMATTENSIS. Iftl 



only. This is in line (horizontally) with iii, but consideraljly smaller 

 and towards the posterior ed,i,'e of the sejjjnient. The spiradrsuri' oval, not 

 verv conspicuous, only sli«:;htly raised at rim, rather well forward on 

 abdominal sei^nnents, that on Ihe 1st thoracic is larger and placed very 

 far back. The ilor^ial lioirs on the 2nd and Hrd thoracic segments are 

 placed somewhat as on abdominal segments, but the inner and pos- 

 terior hair is the smaller. There is a narrow white medio-dorsal line 

 on thoracic segments. I can find no trace of any extra dorsal tubercles 

 correspondingVith those noticeable on the larva of Zmirm i>i/n)ui. 

 [Described April 22nd, 1899.] 



The 3 PUPA agrees closely with a pupa I described last year. 

 but could not name. It is 'possibly rather more slender, but is, 

 I should say, closely alhed. The pair of larger ventral hooks are 

 similar, the short abdomen, and length, as well as the large size of wing- 

 cases all agree. The length is about Gnnn., and the pupa> al)out 2-5nnn. 

 in diametei- at widest point. It is slightly constricted dorsally at the 

 junction of the abdominal and thoracic segments ; a corner and narrow- 

 margin of hind-wings are exposed beneath primaries. On the dorsal 

 anterior edge of the abdominal segments 5, 6, 7, H are raised areas of 

 roughnesses or short, stout spines ; on the 5th these are slight, on the 

 Gtlwind 7th they are rather prominent, but on the 8th, though the size 

 of the patch is small, it is very prominent and foi-ms a much raised ridge. 

 The spines on all these anterior patches point backwards towards anus. 

 On the posterior edge of the 4th, 5th and 6th abdominal segments is 

 a narrow but rather lengthv roAV of much finer and slighter spmes 

 which point forwards towards head.- The surface of the pupa is some- 

 what crenulated and roughened, causing a dead surface. Very fine and 

 sli<^ht hairs are present (on abdominal segments) m the same position 

 aslhose on larva. The colour bright pale brown, dark on the dorsum 

 of the abdominal area but pale on the mesothorax. The ventral head- 

 piece, the eye-covers, etc., stand up (rather raised) above rest of 

 surface. . 



* The posterior spines noticed by Mr. Bacot are very remarkable, they are on 

 that portion of the interse^nnental membrane that folds in, a very unusual situation 

 for spines. When the segment is fully stretched they ponit, as Mr Biicot notes, foi- 

 wards rather than backwards. As the segments close and the membrane rolls under, 

 t'ley will point outwards and then backwards as they disappear mto he mc.sion. 

 They will act, therefore, not merely as points of purchase agamst the silken interior 

 of the case, but as levers. They are chara'-teristic ot the Marco-Psychul male 

 pupa;. — T.A.C. 



Migration and Dispersal of Insects: Odonata. 



By J. W. TUTT, F.E.S. 

 Fowler published {Knt. Mo. Maj., xxiv., pp. 201-205) an interest- 

 iuo- summarv of extracts relating to the migration of insects, obtained 

 from the reports on the " Migration of JMrds," pubhslKM by the l.rltI^h 

 Association. Among other items of information the Heligoland llepoit 

 for 1SS4 notes that on -July ;-3rd "myriads of dragon Hies^ passec 

 th3 lighthouse; but, although the extracts give records of several 

 species of Lepidoptera, llymenoptera, Coleoptcra, .'tc, this is the only 

 reference to the Odonata to be found here. Cordeaux also notes {hni., 

 xxii p. 189) a communication from (liitke, asking whether there had 

 b'een a recent immigration of dragontiies into England, as on May 21st- 



