ORTHOPTERA. 



215 



accordino-lv, as the win.l is very .Inugerous. Hagen states that lie 

 learned to'his cost that lar-e tli-hts of dragonflies occnir in tropical 

 Brazil He observes that ho re(inested a collector in brazil to catch 

 some dragonflies for him, and at last a box arrived, with a large num- 

 ber of specimens, all, however, of three species, and accompanied by 

 the naive remark that the creatures sent had " tiown past his house in 



^'"^ LiVisconsin it is recorded that a somewhat regular migration of 

 dra-ontlies take place, occurring generally for a day or two each year. 

 \cc°ordiuo' to Hagen, to whom Uhler of Baltimore sent examples, 

 the migrating dragonllv of Wisconsin is L. qiualriuutrulata, and iden- 

 tical with the European species, but that this is not the only inigraUng 

 species there is clearly proved by a notice by Brown m ^''-'r;/;;/':' ^^^ 

 states that, in September, LsyO, he observed Mna eremtai\ynYi m 

 swarms in' the sLe direction on successive days, and f-'t -'-^ ^ 

 that he had observed them for several years previously (although he 

 had not kept any detailed observations) for one or more days each yeai 

 on flii^ht, at Sheboygan, Wisconsin. . 



With i-eoard to the earliest records of the migrations of dragon- 

 flies, the most important of these were collected by Van Bemmelen 

 ('• Waarnemingen over bet trekken van Insekten," m Hamhlnn. <l. ^ f'l. 

 ),2l IV,-., f857, iii., pp. 1-20). The work ^^-^^l^;;'^^ 

 done, and the records include thirteen references to /'''!''^^f J""^''" 

 macidata, three to Platctnwr >Icinrssiu„, and one to ^J//'-'';/ «P- ^0° 

 years in which dragonfly migrations have been "« f^^iH^V 1^4 iml 

 1744 1746, 1775, 1770, 181G, 18B0, 1889, 18.:,2, 18.>.}, 18o4 ami 

 1855 and, 'of these, Hagen "otes;^that 1746 is the only mie_o the 

 years' mentioned by Keferstein as characterised ^'^ ^loc-t (Oiilo^^ 

 tpr-i^ mi'n-ations. The notices of Fischer m 1779, of \on J>ocKm 

 1775 S o llL'..-en in 1830, all referring to Libdlula ,j>uulnwaculata 

 alJ'ii't'ed, and it would appear that the oldest known record 

 (Jachmund, Fi>heu>. natny. amos. Acad. Lcop. Dec, Ay ., V- 1^6) ^vas 

 &knj;-n to Bemmelen; this was U.e --™-^^- ^^^ 

 ^warm of probablv Libdlula .fualrimandata, observed May 18 i, lb7d. 

 ^mwLim flying from nortli to south This not^e ^-% ^^- 

 dates that of the Abbe Chappe d' Au eroche (1 .//<j/., ^^J;;- ^ ^^'^^;4^^^' 

 and Bcrlcnanns Ph,.. Oct. ml p. o) who saw ^^^^ Tobolsk ^^^ 

 to which we have already referred, m 1/61. ^ ;^""J^^^l^^'^ l'^^^^,^' 

 L. ,j,uulnm,c„lata is noted (JuofT A^/:. I8^2n, p. 1") ,^^" , '^^.^.^/X 

 1825, near Malta and Magdeburg, and Speyer suspects tbat the 

 Tobolsk swarm was of the same s])ecies. 



@RTHOPTERA. 



,, rn,,., ^,.,.,1 vns. Apropos of my paper on 



„;Hl„v 'imh h't 1 took a 7V«„..- ..«(.«/.""..■. --""''"'V^'b^'^ ^"^ 

 of a .lugKi»l. »t,-ean, that ... fn 1 'J^ '">;'■ „";,, ^^^{^ ,\Zent 



shore. With powerful strokes of tshmcK-^ ^,^^^^ (.vinstend. 



by accident.— MAT.roi,M Bthp, l./.S-. I .l->-- ' ^ "' - 

 ^fav not Ik 1899. 



