314 THE entomologist's record. 



ning of August Arf/ynnis niobe (type) was in considerable numbers 

 above the fourth refuge — the var. eris is abundant everywhere on the 

 mountains. A day at Visp at the beginning of August produced 

 nothing new, an excellent specimen of JJ. papJda var. ralesina being 

 the only thing worth mentioning. The genus i'lirymplianua is well 

 represented at and around Berisal. From the last week in July C. 

 rmjaurme with var. ::eniiattc)isis is in great al)undance, C chri/sciH var. 

 eimjbm is to be taken at the same time, though not very abundantly, 

 from the Ganter bridge to the fifth refuge ; throughout most of July 

 and the beginning of August ('. ahiiihrun var. (lortUiia is abundant near 

 the Ganter bridge and extends its range to the fourth refuge ; I also 

 took one specimen of the type near the second refuge ; ( '. dorilis is 

 occasionally found, and in 1898 ( '. jiJdacas was very abundant, and I 

 took one specimen of the dark and tailed var. (>leii^<. Up to this time I had 

 only seen one specimen of ( '. pJilaeas, and though I have since found a 

 few specimens in various localities, I am inclined to consider it as by 

 no means common in Switzerland, at any rate in and about the Rhone 

 valley, an opinion in which Dr. Coulon concurs. But if the Chryso- 

 phanids are well represented, what shall I say of the Lycaenids ? I 

 have already mentioned 1\ hjcidas and F. aifestor, and the mcredible 

 numbers of /-". aci/on and 1\ an/xfi, and last year's list gave also P. 

 icariis, P. (ujeMu, P. daiium, P. beUcmjufi, P. dortjlas, P. corydon, P. 

 eumedon, ISomiades semiarfius, ('. minima, P. baton, P. orbitidus and P. don- 

 zelii. All these, except P. baton, were represented in 1898, though P. 

 icarii^ was not very common, P. cHmcdon\evy scarce, whilst of P. donzelii 

 I found only a single specimen ; but all the rest were exceedingly 

 abundant, often many kinds would congregate in numbers on moist 

 places in the road, and presented a vision of beauty never to be 

 forgotten. Nor is this all, for, in addition to P. lycidas and P. ayestor, I 

 took five other species and varieties, viz., P. pheretes, P. optilete, P. eros, 

 L. alcon, and L. arioji var. obscura. Of these, P. jdwrctcsis to be found 

 close to the fifth refuge, where I took a few (? s on various days at the 

 end of July ; (the ? I have never seen, and I find that native ento- 

 mologists consider it very scarce) ; of P. optilete I have taken single 

 specimens at the fourth and fifth refuges, and at the top of the pass at 

 the end of July and the beginning of August, but all these were 

 slightly worn ; P. <'ros appeared below^ the fourth refuge on August 6th, 

 and became common just beyond the fifth refuge by the 12th, the 5 

 appearing a few days later ; of L. alcon I took one ^ and four 2 

 specimens, all in the neighbourhood of the fourth refuge, and soon 

 after my arrival, whilst L. arion var. ohsrura was common during most 

 of my stay from the second refuge upA\ards. P. orbitnlus of which I 

 had only taken one specimen in 1897 was abundant on the Steinen-alp 

 at the beginning of August, and not uncommon at the top of the 

 Simplon pass at the end of July. There are thus no less than 22 

 species and varieties of this tribe to be found in the course of a month 

 between the second refuge and the top of the pass ; or indeed 28 for 

 I have seen splendid examples of ('. ininiwa var. alsoidrs from the 

 neighbourhood of the sixth refuge. Of other species I took my first 

 fresh Kuvawssa antivpa near the fourth refuge in August, a single 

 specimen of Erebia mnestra near the fifth refuge at the beginning of 

 the same month, J'^jdncpJuic Itjcaon at Berisal abundantly in July and 

 August, SyrichtJiKs cartltarni and ^'. cacaliav at the second refuge in 



