NOTES ON LIFE-HISTORIES, LARV.E, ETC. 811 



where they form a square, i.e., equidistant apart ; on the 9th abdominal 

 the posterior trapezoidals are closer together than are the anterior 

 trapezoidals, this evidently duo to the posterior tapering of the segment, 

 on this segment also two other tubercles on each side become more 

 dorsal than lateral ; on the anal segment the posterior trapezoidals are 

 closer together, in fact, all the tubercles are crowded posteriorly ; all 

 the trapezoidals have only one hair" ; so far as I can distinguish there 

 are four simple hairs on the head in position corresponding with the 

 trapezoidals of the segments, but these hairs are very much finer than 

 those on the segments ; some half dozen hairs are distributed round 

 the head ; on the narrow dark margin of the prothoracic dorsal plate 

 is a series of four hairs each side, equidistant, extending downward to 

 the lateral edge of the plate, laterally there is another hair closely pos- 

 terior to the lowest of the series ; about the middle of the plate are two 

 small white-rimmed tubercles on each side, the anterior being more 

 lateral and really the highest of a series of three tubercles extending to 

 the middle of the lateral edge of the plate. The dorsal area of the 

 meso-subsegment is covered by a plate on which I can distinguish two 

 hairs at either side. The trapezoidals (i and ii) commence as such on 

 the mesothorax, though much larger than the same on the abdominal 

 segments. Lateral view : Prothorax, anterior to the spiracle are two 

 small white-rimmed tubercles with a single hair, one hair at the base 

 of the legs, and several hairs (spines ?) at the several joints of the legs 

 projecting downwards. Mesothorax, two small tubercles with one hair 

 each (anterior and posterior), other hairs of prothorax present. Post- 

 thorax, supraspiracular tubercle large with three hairs ; posterior and 

 anterior subspiracular tubercles with one hair ; legs as prothoracic. On 

 all the abdominal segments the supraspiracular tubercle is large and 

 bears two hairs ; the subspiracular tubercles small, each bearing one 

 hair ; one hair (subprimary) above the base, and three hairs round the 

 base of prolegs, the prolegs are on 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th segments, on the 

 other segments the leg hairs present. The subspiracular (posterior and 

 anterior) tubercles coalesced on the 1st abdominal, forming a large 

 tubercle bearing two hairs (perhaps an accidental coalescence). Dor- 

 sally posterior to the supraspiracular of the 3rd abdominal segment are 

 three single hairs (on subsegment) , I could not find them on any other 

 segment. Ventral riew : Hooks of the prolegs all round the ventral 

 margin, which is p-^ar-shaped with the smaller end inwards. Habits of 

 the larva : Subterranean during daytime, feeding abo\o the surface at 

 night, at the roots of grasses. The habits make it difficult to obtain a 

 connected description of each ecdysis, and as my microscope was not 

 available at the hatching I failed to get a description of 1st instar, this 

 I Avill publish if possible this season. During last season I obtained 

 four species of New Zealand Gorinas, three of which deposited ova, one 

 species, Gurina iimbraculata, as many as 1500, of which I counted 1000 

 and estimated the balance. With the same success this season, I hope to 

 give descriptions of ova and larvae of several species, so far as I know 

 no species among the New Zealand Hepialidae have been structurally 

 described. — Ambrose Quail, F.E.S. 



Newly-hatcued larva oe Satyrus hermione. — Length lin.; head 

 large ; body tapering to two tail points ; general colour pale slaty-grey 



* Observed under microscope, one-inch objective. 



